Battle of Dynekilen

The naval Battle of Dynekilen (Danish: Slaget ved Dynekilen) took place on 8 July 1716 during the Great Northern War between a Dano-Norwegian fleet under Peter Tordenskjold and a Swedish fleet under Olof Strömstierna. The battle resulted in a Dano-Norwegian victory.

Battle of Dynekilen
Part of the Great Northern War
Tordenskjold i Dynekilen by Carl Neumann
Date June 28, 1716 (O.S.) July 8, 1716 (N.S.) Location Bohuslän Result Dano-Norwegian victory
Belligerents
Swedish Empire	Denmark-Norway
Commanders and leaders
Olof Strömstierna	Peter Tordenskjold
Strength
1,284 men[1] 13 warships, 14 merchant vessels, 1 land battery with 40 heavy cannons and 72 light cannons in total[2][a]	931 men[5] 7 warships with 97 heavy cannons, 38 light cannons and 2 howitzers in total[2]
Casualties and losses
9 warships captured, 4 warships sunk, 5 merchants captured, 9 merchants destroyed[b] 21 men or more captured, unknown number of killed and wounded[6]	19 killed, 57 wounded[2]

Background

On 28 October 1709 Frederik IV of Denmark, the Danish-Norwegian king declared war against Sweden. The war declaration came after the Swedish defeat at the Battle of Poltava, which resulted in a decisive victory for Peter I of Russia over Charles XII of Sweden.

In the naval enactment, a light Danish-Norwegian force of seven ships under Peter Tordenskjold trapped and defeated a Swedish transport fleet of 44 ships in Dynekilen fjord, just north of Strömstad, on the west coast of Sweden. The Swedish transport fleet was transporting troops, ammunition and supplies from Gothenburg, destined for the land forces under the command of Charles XII invading Norway.^[7]

Battle

The Danish-Norwegian flotilla ambushed the Swedish fleet while it was positioned in the harbour of Dynekilen. In the process, it overcame and destroyed a small island fort equipped with six 12-pounder guns positioned in the harbour entrance. The largest Swedish ship, Stenbock, a former ship of the line converted into a cannon barge, surrendered, after which the lighter vessels were run aground, and an attempt made to destroy most of them. The Dano-Norwegian forces worked to put out fires and salvage as many of the ships as possible. They managed to save and capture 30 ships, while 14 ships, consisting of various galleys and transport ships, were successfully destroyed by the Swedish. Swedish land forces continued to fire muskets from the surrounding hills during these operations, eventually forcing Tordenskjold to leave, but not preventing him from taking with him all of 30 captured Swedish ships. The Dano-Norwegian force suffered 76 casualties, 19 killed and 57 wounded.

On account of the loss of this transport fleet at Dynekilen, Charles XII was forced to abandon the invasion of Norway and withdraw his troops to Sweden, where he was soon preoccupied with setting up defences against the expected combined Danish and Russian invasion force.

Ships involved

Denmark-Norway (Tordenskjold)

• Hjælper 47 (barge)
• Hvide Ørn 30 (frigate)
• Vindhund 16 (frigate)
• Charlotte Amalia 7 (galley)
• Louisa 7 (galley)
• Prinds Christian 7 (galley)

Sweden

• Stenbock 24 (barge) - Surrendered
• Proserpina 5 (galley) - Captured
• Ulysses 5 (galley) - Captured
• Lucretia 12 (galley) - Captured
• Wreden 21 (galley) - Sunk, later salvaged by the Swedes.
• Achilles 5 (half-galley) - Captured
• Pollux 5 (half-galley) - Captured
• Hector 5 (half-galley) - destroyed.
• Castor 5 (half-galley) - Sunk, later salvaged by the Swedes
• Biorn 4 (double-sloop) - Captured
• Svarte Maeren 4 (double-sloop) - Captured
• Schelpaden 12 (Gallioth) - Sunk, later salvaged by the Swedes
• Transports - 5 captured, 3 destroyed

All according to Tordenskjold's own report.^[8]