Bierzo Edict

The Bierzo Edict, also referred to as the Edict of Augustus from El Bierzo and the Bembibre Bronze is a controversial document dated to 15 BC found in El Bierzo in Spain in 1999.^[1] The document is a bronze tablet measuring 24.15 cm x 15.6 cm. At the top it has a moulded 3 cm ring.^[2]

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The inscription contains the combined publication of two edicts by Augustus, one issued on 14 February and the other on 15 February.^[3]^[2]^[4]

Imp(erator) · Caesar · Divi · fil(ius) · Aug(ustus) · trib(unicia) · pot(estate) ·

VIIII · et · pro·co(n)s(ule) · dicit · Castellanos · Paemeiobrigenses · ex ·

gente · Susarrorum · desciscentibus ·

ceteris · permansisse · in officio · cog

novi · ex omnibus · legatis · meis · qui ·

Transdurianae · provinciae · prae/fuerunt · itaque · eos · universos · im

munitate · perpetua · dono · quosq(ue)

agros · et quibus · finibus · possede

runt · Lucio · Sestio · Quirinale leg(ato) ·

meo · eam · provinciam · optinente{m} ·

eos · agros · sine · controversia · possi

dere · iubeo

Castellanis · Paemeiobrigensibus · ex

gente · Susarrorum · quibus · ante · ea ·

immunitatem · omnium · rerum · dede

ram · eorum · loco · restituo castellanos

Allobrigiaecinos · ex gente · Gigurro

rum · volente · ipsa · civitate · eosque

castellanos · Allobrigiaecinos · om

ni · munere · fungi · iubeo · cum ·

Susarris ·

Actum · Narbone · Martio ·

XVI · et · XV · k(alendas) · Martias · M(arco) · Druso · Li

bone · Lucio · Calpurnio · Pisone

co(n)s(ulibus)»^[4]

Translation

"The emperor Caesar Augustus, son of The Divine, in his ninth tribunitial power and proconsul, says: I knew from my legates which presided over the Transdurian province [note, this province disappears during Augustus also] that the inhabitants of the Paemeiobrigensian hillfort [= castellum, it could just mean a community in general], belonging to the people of the Susarri, had remained faithful, while the rest became dissidents. Therefore, I bestow them a permanent immunity and the possession of their land [it therefore did not become ager publicus], with the same boundaries which they had when my legate Lucius Sextus Quirinalis governed this province [historical note, this area was supposedly pacified after the Cantabrian Wars, BC29-19, and this edict is from BC15]. To the inhabitants of the Paemeiobrigan hillfort [again, castellum], of the people of the Susarri, and onto which I bestowed full immunity, I restore to their place the people of the Aliobrigiaecinan hillfort [castellum], of the people of the Gigurri, into the same civitas, and order that these from the Alobrigiaecino hillfort fulfill all the obligations together [within] the Susarrans. Said in Narbo Martius (Narbonne) the 16th and 15th days before the kalends of March, being consuls M. Drusus Libo and L. Calpurnius Piso."

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