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Boundary parallel

When a closed manifold embeded in M has an isotopy onto a boundary component of M From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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In mathematics, a boundary parallel, ∂-parallel, or peripheral closed n-manifold N embedded in an (n + 1)-manifold M is one for which there is an isotopy of N onto a boundary component of M.[1]

An example

Consider the annulus . Let π denote the projection map

If a circle S is embedded into the annulus so that π restricted to S is a bijection, then S is boundary parallel. (The converse is not true.)

If, on the other hand, a circle S is embedded into the annulus so that π restricted to S is not surjective, then S is not boundary parallel. (Again, the converse is not true.)

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Context and applications

Further reading

See also

References

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