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Brisingida

Order of starfishes From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Brisingida
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The Brisingids are deep-sea-dwelling starfish in the order Brisingida.[1][2]

Quick facts Scientific classification, Families ...
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Description

These starfish have between 6 and 16 long, attenuated arms which they use for suspension feeding.[3] Other characteristics include a single series of marginals, a fused ring of disc plates, the lack of actinal plates, a spool-like ambulacral column, reduced abactinal plates, and crossed pedicellariae.[4] They are 40 times the size of disk radius and have 7–20 flexible spiny arms.[5]

Distribution

Brisingida occur in a number of deep-sea locations, particularly in the Caribbean and New Zealand.[6]

Thumb
An orange brisingid on black coral at 1,950 m in California, Davidson Seamount

This type of species are found of varying size especially in the eastern Pacific Ocean at a depth of 1,820–2,418 m.[5]

Taxonomy

The Brisingida contain two families, with 18 genera:[2]

  • Family Brisingidae, G.O. Sars, 1875[7]
    • Genus Astrolirus, Fisher, 1917 — (two species)
    • Genus Astrostephane, Fisher, 1917 — (two species)
    • Genus Brisinga Asbjørnsen, 1856 (synonym: Craterobrisinga, Fisher, 1916) — (20 species)
    • Genus Brisingaster Loriol, 1883 — (monotypic)
    • Genus Brisingella Fisher, 1917 — (monotypic)
    • Genus Brisingenes Fisher, 1917 — (four species)
    • Genus Hymenodiscus Perrier, 1884 — (16 species)
    • Genus Midgardia Downey, 1972 — (monotypic)
    • Genus Novodinia Dartnall, Pawson, Pope & B.J. Smith, 1969 (synonym: Odinia, Perrier, 1885) — (13 species)
    • Genus Odinella Fisher, 1940 — (monotypic)
    • Genus Stegnobrisinga Fisher, 1916 — (three species)
  • Family Freyellidae, Downey, 1986[8][9]
    • Genus Astrocles Fisher, 1917 — (three species)
    • Genus Belgicella Ludwig, 1903 — (monotypic)
    • Genus Colpaster Sladen, 1889 — (two species)
    • Genus Freyastera Downey, 1986 — (six species)
    • Genus Freyella Perrier, 1885 (synonym: Freyellidea, Fisher, 1917) — (31 species)
    • Genus Freyellaster Fisher 1918 — (five species)

References

Further reading

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