Bulungan language

The Bulungan language, also known as Bolongan and Bulongan (both are archaic), is an Austronesian language spoken in Bulungan Regency, North Kalimantan. The language was the court language of the Bulungan Sultanate. The classification of this language is not clear. Glottolog places it in the Sabahan group.^[2][3]

Bulungan
Native to	Indonesia
Region	North Kalimantan
Ethnicity	Bulungan
Native speakers	30,000 (2002)[1]
Language family	Austronesian Malayo-Polynesian Greater North Borneo (?) Sabahan (?) Bulungan
Language codes
ISO 639-3	blj
Glottolog	bolo1268

Spread

The Bulungan language is predominantly spoken in eight villages in Bulungan Regency, namely:^[4]

• Tanjung Palas: Antutan, Tanjung Palas Ulu, Tanjung Palas Tengah, Tanjung Palas Ilir
• West Tanjung Palas: Mara Ilir
• East Tanjung Palas: Mangkupadi
• Peso: Long Bia
• Sekatak: Sekatak Puji

Phonology

Consonants^[5]

	Labial	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Glottal
Stop	p b	t d	c ɟ	k ɡ		ʔ
Fricative		s				h
Nasal	m	n	ɲ	ŋ
Lateral		l
Trill					ʀ
Semivowel	w	j

Vowels^[6]

	Front	Central	Back
High	i		u
Mid	e	ə	o
Low		a

Words are stressed on the penultimate syllable, regardless of its structure: mendus 'to bath', mendusna 'go bath now!'.^[7]