Campephilus

Campephilus is a genus of large American woodpeckers in the family Picidae.^[2]

Campephilus
Pale-billed woodpecker (Campephilus guatemalensis)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Piciformes
Family:	Picidae
Tribe:	Campephilini
Genus:	Campephilus G.R. Gray, 1840
Type species
Picus principalis[1] Linnaeus, 1758
Species
see text

Taxonomy

The genus Campephilus was introduced by English zoologist George Robert Gray in 1840, with the ivory-billed woodpecker (Campephilus principalis) as the type species.^[3] The genus name combines the Ancient Greek kampē meaning "caterpillar" and philos meaning "loving".^[4] The genus is placed in the tribe Campephilini in the subfamily Picinae and is sister to a clade containing woodpeckers from Southeast Asia in the genera Chrysocolaptes, Blythipicus, and Reinwardtipicus.^[5]

Species

The genus contains 12 species:^[6]

Image	Common Name	Scientific name	Distribution	IUCN status
	Powerful woodpecker	Campephilus pollens	Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela	LC
	Splendid woodpecker	Campephilus splendens	Panama, western Colombia and northwestern Ecuador	LC
	Crimson-bellied woodpecker	Campephilus haematogaster	Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.	LC
	Red-necked woodpecker	Campephilus rubricollis	Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.	LC
	Robust woodpecker	Campephilus robustus	Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay.	LC
	Crimson-crested woodpecker	Campephilus melanoleucos	Panama south to northern border regions of Argentina, and on Trinidad.	LC
	Guayaquil woodpecker	Campephilus gayaquilensis	southern Colombia, Ecuador and northern Peru.	LC
	Pale-billed woodpecker	Campephilus guatemalensis	northern Mexico to western Panama.	LC
	Cream-backed woodpecker	Campephilus leucopogon	Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay and far northwestern Uruguay.	LC
	Magellanic woodpecker	Campephilus magellanicus	southern Chile and southwestern Argentina	LC
	Ivory-billed woodpecker	Campephilus principalis	Southern United States	CR
	Cuban ivory-billed woodpecker	Campephilus principalis bairdii	Cuba	CR[a]
	(?†) Imperial woodpecker	Campephilus imperialis – possibly extinct (1956 – 2001)[b]	Mexico	CR possibly EX

A fossil species, C. dalquesti, was described from bones found in Late Pleistocene deposits of Scurry County, Texas.^[7]

Notes

1. Shares its status with the nominate species
2. Declared extinct by the Federal Government of Mexico in 2001, but they have a recovery plan in the event of rediscovery.