Causonis trifolia

Causonis trifolia commonly known as bush grape, fox-grape, three-leaved wild vine or threeleaf cayratia is a species of plant native to regions from India, through Southeast Asia to Australia and the western Pacific Ocean. It is a vine with a stem diameter up to 7 cm (2.8 in), trifoliate leaves and blackish berries. Its leaves contain several flavonoids, such as cyanidin and delphinidin. Hydrocyanic acid is present in the stem, leaves and roots.^[3][4][5][6]

Causonis trifolia
Leaves and ripe fruit in Rajbari, Bangladesh
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Vitales
Family:	Vitaceae
Genus:	Causonis
Species:	C. trifolia
Binomial name
Causonis trifolia (L.) Mabb. & J.Wen[1][2]
Synonyms[1]
13 synonyms Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin Cissus trifolia (L.) K.Schum. Columella trifolia (L.) Merr. Vitis trifolia L. Cayratia carnosa (Lam.) Gagnep. Cayratia trifolia var. cinerea (Lam.) Gagnep. Cissus carnosa Lam. Cissus cinerea Lam. Cissus psoraliifolia (F.Muell.) Planch. Vitis carnosa (Lam.) Wall. Vitis crenata Wall. Vitis psoraliifolia F.Muell. Vitis scabicaulis Wall.

Distribution

Causonis trifolia is native to these areas (as defined in the WGSRPG):^[1][7]

• Indian subcontinent: Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, India, Laccadive Islands, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, West Himalaya
• Indo-China: Andaman Islands, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Nicobar Islands, South China Sea, Thailand, Vietnam
• Malesia: Borneo, Jawa, Lesser Sunda Islands, Malaya, Maluku, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Christmas Islands
• Papuasia: Bismarck Archipelago, New Guinea, Solomon Islands
• Australasia: Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia
• Southwestern Pacific: New Caledonia, Vanuatu
• Northwestern Pacific: Caroline Islands

Gallery

• 
  New growth
• 
  Leaves and flower buds
• 
  Fruit