Celtic society

This article is about Scotland-related organisations. For the 19th-century Irish learned society, see Irish Archaeological Society. For the societal structure of the ancient Celts, see Celts § Society.

A Celtic society (sometimes Highland society or Gaelic society more specifically) is a type of society at the four ancient universities of Scotland, and sometimes more broadly, at a city level, which were founded between the late 18th and mid-19th centuries in the wake of the Celtic Revival and Romanticism, with the primary aim of supporting the practical and academic study of the Scottish Gaelic language and culture. The student societies are the oldest at their respective universities, and were instrumental in campaigning for the establishment of academic departments dedicated to Gaelic studies.

St Andrews University Celtic Society, founded 1796, was among the first of these organisations. In the 20th century, as the other ancient universities began offering Gaelic as an academic subject, students with an interest in Gaelic chose to attend these instead. Consequently, the society at St Andrews shifted its focus towards Scottish country dance, and is no longer related to the other student societies.

List

The following societies are extant and continue to promote Gaelic language and culture:

• Aberdeen University Celtic Society, founded 1854 (171 years ago) (1854)
• Caledonian Club of London, founded 1891 (134 years ago) (1891)
• Edinburgh University Highland Society, founded 1851 (174 years ago) (1851) (preceded by the Ossianic Society, 1837–1848)
• Gaelic Society of London, founded 1777 (248 years ago) (1777) ^[1]
• Gaelic Society of Perth, founded 1880 (145 years ago) (1880)
• Glasgow Highland Society, founded 1727 (298 years ago) (1727)
• Glasgow University Ossianic Society, founded 1831 (194 years ago) (1831)
• Highland Society of London, founded 1778 (247 years ago) (1778) (coexisted in London for a while with Ancient Caledonian Society, 1786–1837)
• Lonach Highland and Friendly Society, founded 1823 (202 years ago) (1823)
• Royal Celtic Society (originally Celtic Society of Edinburgh), founded 1820 (205 years ago) (1820)
• Royal Highland and Agricultural Society of Scotland (formerly Highland Society of Edinburgh or Highland Society of Scotland), founded 1784 (241 years ago) (1784)
• St Andrews University Celtic Society, founded 1796 (229 years ago) (1796)