Climate of Liverpool

The climate of Liverpool features a temperate maritime variety (Köppen: Cfb), with relatively mild summers, cool winters and rainfall spread fairly evenly throughout the year. Since 1867, rainfall and temperature records for the city have been kept at Bidston Observatory, as well as atmospheric pressure records since 1846. However, the site closed down in 2002, and a weather station in Crosby has been used by the Met Office since.^[1] Irregular meteorological observations have been taken in the city since at least 1768, with unbroken records extending for long periods of time. This includes observations taken at the Liverpool Dock from 1768 to 1798,^[2] an unspecified location from 1772 to 1799^[3] and West Derby from 1830 to 1859^[4] and at other unspecified locations in the city from at least 1860 onward.^[5] Continuous observations in different areas of the city have been taken since 1830. In modern times, there have also been other stations to operate in the Liverpool area, including stations at West Kirby (1912–1979), Aigburth (1967–1994), and Liverpool John Lennon Airport (1946–present).^[6][7][8]

Liverpool, United Kingdom
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D     75     7 2     54     7 2     64     9 4     54     12 5     55     16 8     66     18 11     59     20 13     69     19 13     72     17 11     97     14 8     83     10 5     89     8 3 █ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C █ Precipitation totals in mm
Imperial conversion J F M A M J J A S O N D     2.9     45 36     2.1     45 36     2.5     49 39     2.1     54 41     2.2     60 46     2.6     64 52     2.3     67 56     2.7     67 56     2.8     63 52     3.8     57 47     3.3     50 41     3.5     46 37 █ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F █ Precipitation totals in inches

Snow falling in Liverpool city centre during the winter of 2010

Since records began, the lowest temperature ever recorded in the Liverpool and Merseyside area is −17.6 °C (0.3 °F) on 21 December 2010, and the highest temperature recorded is 36.0 °C (96.8 °F) was on 18 July 2022, and 19 July 2022.^[9] The highest daily minimum temperature is 22.5 °C (72.5 °F) reported on 19 July 2022, and the lowest daily maximum temperature is −6.9 °C (19.6 °F) on 20 December 2010.^[10][11] On average, the amount of air frost days per year is below the national average, and in winter, snow is not very common, with heavy snow occurring rarely.^[12] Rain is also a common occurrence in the city, but droughts have been known to cause some canal infrastructure problems in the summer, without affecting consumer consumption to any noticeable extent, the most recent drought occurring in the 2018 heat wave.^[13]

Classifications

Liverpool Climate according to major climate systems

Climatic scheme	Initials	Description
Köppen system[14]	Cfb	Oceanic climate[a]
Trewartha system[15]	Do	Temperate oceanic climate
Alisov system[16]	—	Temperate climate[b]
Strahler system[17]	—	Marine west-coast
Thornthwaite system[18]	C2 B'1	Moist subhumid
Neef system[19]	—	West side/maritime climate

Temperature

The average yearly high temperature in Liverpool is 13.2 °C (55.8 °F) and the average yearly low temperature is 7.2 °C (45.0 °F). The average daily mean is 10.1 °C (50.2 °F).