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Coal mining in Nepal
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Deposits of coal are found in Tosh, Siuja, Azimara and Abidhara in Dang, and a few other places in Sallyan, Rolpa, Pyuthan and Palpa districts of Nepal.[1] The total estimated deposits are about 5 million tons. Due to the low volume of deposits, mining is done by traditional methods. The mines have been exploited since the early 1960s; however due to lack of proper markets,[clarification needed] they are not exploited to their full capacity.
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Deposits
Geologically, the main coal deposits can be categorized into:[2]
- Quaternary Lignite deposits of Kathmandu Valley
- Siwalik coal found in the Sub-Himalayas
- Cretaceous-Eocene coal and Gondwana coal found in the Lesser Himalayas[3]
The coal in the Sub-Himalaya (Siwalik/Churia) has some radioactive minerals mixed in the coal.[4]
Production
There are 11 small scale coal mines that are in operation scattered throughout Nepal.[5] Some additional licenses are issued by the government for exploration.[6] The annual production is shown in table below.[3]
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Environmental concerns
Some lands have started to cave-in and some landslides have been triggered near the mining area. Also, the ground water has dried up. This has caused conflict between locals and mine operators.[5]
See also
References
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