Coast Miwok language

Coast Miwok was one of the Miwok languages spoken in California, from San Francisco Bay to Bodega Bay.^[3] The Marin and Bodega varieties may have been separate languages. All of the population has shifted to English.

Coast Miwok
Native to	United States
Region	California
Ethnicity	Coast Miwok
Extinct	1978, with the death of Sarah Ballard[1] 1 (1994)[2]
Language family	Yok-Utian Utian Miwokan Western Coast Miwok
Language codes
ISO 639-3	csi
Glottolog	coas1301
ELP	Coast Miwok

Grammar

According to Catherine A. Callaghan's Bodega Miwok Dictionary, nouns have the following cases, expressed with suffixes: present subjective, possessive, allative, locative, ablative, instrumental, and comitative. Sentences are most commonly subject-verb-object, but Callaghan says that "syntax is relatively free".^[4]

Phonology

The following is the Bodega dialect:

Consonants

		Labial	Dental	Alveolar	Post- alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal		m		n
Stop	plain	p	t̪ ⟨t⟩		t̠ ⟨ṭ⟩		k	ʔ ⟨'⟩
	voiced	(b)		(d)			(ɡ)
Affricate					tʃ ⟨c⟩
Fricative		(f)		s	ʃ ⟨ṣ⟩			h
Tap				(ɾ) ⟨r⟩
Approximant		w		l		j ⟨y⟩

Phonemes in parentheses are introduced from Spanish loan words. Allophones of introduced sounds, /b ɡ/ include /β ɣ/.^[4]

Vowels

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i		u
Mid	e		o
Open		a