Colonial architecture in Surabaya

Colonial architecture in Surabaya (Dutch: Soerabaja) includes the legacy of neoclassical architecture and Dutch architecture built during the Dutch East Indies era. Kota Lama (transl. Old City) in Surabaya is a tourist attraction but faces problems with the deterioration of older buildings. It includes Dutch architecture, has an Arab quarter and areas exhibiting Chinese influence.^[1] Jembatan Merah is an area known for its Dutch architecture.^[1]

Pasar Besar (market area) circa 1930

Toendjoengan (1953)

Military canteen in Surabaya

Cosman Citroen designed a city hall in 1916 and planned the area of Ketabang. Museum Bank Indonesia, Surabaya is located in the former Bank of Java branch building. The House of Sampoerna is a museum devoted to the history of clove cigarette (kretek) manufacturing in Indonesia and is housed in a Dutch colonial building (originally an orphanage) dating to 1864.^[1][2]

For many years after Indonesia became independent, the colonial buildings in the Old City were ignored. By the mid-2020s, however, that neighbourhood had come to be seen as key to boosting the city's economy by attracting tourists. In July 2024, the city formally launched a revitalised Old City, and within a few months city officials were pleased with the outcome of the revitalisation.^[3]

Even though a majority of Surabayans have negative views about the Dutch colonial era, they do admire the old buildings the colonists left behind. Volunteers have turned out in droves to clean up the Old City, and young Indonesians now flock to the area for the cultural experience, or to take the perfect Instagram photo.^[3]

Gallery

• 
  Bijeenkomsthuis (meeting house)
• 
  Entrance portal of "De ingangspoort" (Perseverance), Royal Factory Steam and other machines in the year 1857 by F.J.H. Baijer
• 
  Harbor office in Surabaya and memorial on the occasion of the visit of Governor General Fock (September, 1922)
• 
  City garden (late 19th century)
• 
  Garden in Surabaya
• 
  "Komediegebouw" Surabaya
• 
  Heineken Brewery in Surabaya
• 
  Goebang train station (Surabaya Gubeng railway station)
• 
  Post and Telegraph office
• 
  Pasar Besar in the background
• 
  Grimm & Co. "cake palace" at Pasar Besar
• 
  Goebang (now Gubeng district)
• 
  Sluice
• 
  Postcard of sluice
• 
  Fountain and water carriers
• 
  Governor General Fock visiting a school
• 
  Hotel Embong Malang
• 
  Kurkdjian photo studio (O. Kurkdjian & Co.)

List of buildings

Last official name	Former names	Year	Architect	Location	Latest image	Oldest image
Apotik Simpang	De Simpangsche Apotheek; Toko Occasion and Toko Atal Sport[4]	1855 (first building); 1936 (second building)[5]	Herman Smeets (first building); Henri Estourgie (second building)[5]	7°15′47″S 112°44′28″E
Balai Kota Surabaya	Gemeentehuis te Soerabaja[6][7][8]: 126  / Raadhuis te Soerabaja[9][10] / Staadhuis te Soerabaja[11][12][13]	1927[8]: 126 [9][11][12][13][14]	Cosman Citroen[8]: 126 [9][11][12][14][15]	7°15′33″S 112°44′50″E
Balai Pemuda / Alun-Alun Surabaya	Simpang Club or Simpangsche Societeit[16][17]	1907[17]	Westmaes[17]	7°15′50″S 112°44′26″E
Gedung Algemeene / Gedung Singa[18][19][20] / Gedung Aperdi[18][19][21]	Kantoor Algemeene[19][22][23]	1901[18][19][20][21][23]	Hendrik Petrus Berlage[18][19][20][21][22][23]	7°14′14″S 112°44′16″E
Gedung Bank Mandiri KC Surabaya Niaga	Kantoorgebouw van Borsumij [id; nl];[15][24] Gedung Bank Exim[24]	1935[15][24]	Cosman Citroen[15][24]	7°14′22″S 112°44′16″E
Gedung Bank Mandiri KCP Surabaya Jembatan Merah	Kantoor Nederlandsch-Indische Handelsbank[8]: 144, 246	1912[8]: 144, 246	George Elenbaas and Pieter Moojen[8]: 144, 246	7°14′13″S 112°44′16″E
Gedung Bank Mandiri KCP Surabaya Pahlawan	Kantoorgebouw Firma Lindeteves-Stokvis Soerabaia[25][26][27] / Kihatama Butai[26] / Glinding Tipis;[25][27]	1911–1913[25][26][27]	Eduard Cuypers[25][28][29]	7°14′37″S 112°44′20″E
Gedung BNI KCP Jembatan Merah Surabaya	Kantoorgebouw van Borsumij [id; nl][30][31]	1920[30][31]	Cosman Citroen and Jan Jacob Job[30]	7°14′09″S 112°44′12″E
Gedung Cerutu / Gedung Cigar[32][33]	Java Sugar Syndicate;[22][34] Bridgestone;[34] Kantor Said bin Oemar Bagil;[32][33][34][35] Kantor Bank Bumi Daya;[32][34][35] Bank Mandiri[22][32][33][34]	1916[22][32][33][34][35]	N.V. Maatsschappij Tot Exploitatie Van Het Bureau Gebroders Knaud[22][34]	7°14′12″S 112°44′13″E
Gedung DPMPTSP Jawa Timur	Meubelmagazijn Pröttel;[36][37] Kantoor Surabaiasch Handelsblad;[36][37] Kantor Suara Asia;[36][37] Gedung Brantas;[36] Kantor Harian Memorandum;[36] Kantor Catatan Sipil Kota Surabaya;[36] Kantor Dinas Perumahan Surabaya;[36] Gedung Penanaman Modal (BPM) Jawa Timur[36]	1912[36] or 1920[37]	Eduard Cuypers[29][37]	7°14′40″S 112°44′20″E
Gedung Grahadi [id]	Residentiehuis[16][38] / Tuinhuis[38]	1795 (constructed);[39][40] 1810 (renovated)[40]		7°15′46″S 112°44′36″E
Gedung Maybank	Nederlands Spaarbank; Nutsspaarbank; Bank Tabungan; Bank Internasional Indonesia[22][41]	1917[41]	Fritz Joseph Pinédo [nl][22][41]	7°14′17″S 112°44′14″E
Gedung Siola [id] / Surabaya Museum [id]	Whiteaway Laidlaw & Co; Het Engelsche Warenhuis; Chiyoda Store; SIOLA; Ramayana Siola[42][43][44]	Unclear;[note 1] possibly 1923[43][45]		7°15′32″S 112°44′20″E
Gereja Kelahiran Santa Perawan Maria	Onze Lieve Vrouw Geboorte Kerk / Onze Lieve Vrouwekerk[46]	1899–1900[22][47]	W. Westmaas[22][47][48] and Muljono Widjosastro[22]	7°14′31″S 112°44′13″E
Holycow x coffee toffee	Kantor Pos Pembantu Simpang; Post shop coffee toffee[38][49]	1932[38]	G.P.J.M. Bolsius and Landsgebouwdienst[38]	7°15′50″S 112°44′36″E
Hotel Majapahit	Oranje Hotel; Hotel Yamato; Hotel Merdeka; L. M. S. Hotel; Mandarin Oriental Hotel Majapahit[50]	1911[50]	Alfred Bidwell[50]	7°15′37″S 112°44′23″E
Horison Arcadia Heritage Surabaya	Kantoor Geo Wehry;[8]: 188 [51][52][53][54] Hotel Ibis Rajawali[51][52][53][54]	1913–1914[8]: 188 [51][52][53][54]	Marius Hulswit[8]: 188	7°14′11″S 112°44′12″E
Kantor Gubernur Jawa Timur	Gouverneurskantoor van Oost-Java (incl. Residentiekantoor)[55][56] or Gouverneurs Kantoor and Residentie Kantoor;[57] Syuucho (Residency) Office[57]	1929–1931[55][56][57]	Wijnand Lemei Jnr,[55][58] assisted by Hubert Albert Breuning and WB Carmiggelt (Landsgebouwendienst)[56][59]	7°14′45″S 112°44′21″E
Kantor Partai PDI	Kantoor Internationale Crediet- en Handelsvereeniging "Rotterdam" [nl];[22][60][61] Gedung Internatio [nl][22][60][61]	1927–1931[62]	Frans Ghijsels[60][61][62]	7°14′09″S 112°44′14″E
Kantor Pertamina EP Asset 4	Sociëteit Concordia; Kantoor Bataafche Petroleum Maatschappij (BPM); Kantor Pertamina UPDN V[63][64][65]	1843 (constructed); 1917–1918 (renovated)[64][65]	JP Emerling (construction); Cosman Citroen (1917–1918 renovation)[15][64][65]	7°14′31″S 112°44′18″E
Kantor PTPN X	Koloniale Bank [nl][66][67]	1927–1928[66]	Charles Prosper Wolff Schoemaker[66]	7°14′16″S 112°44′14″E
Kantor PTPN XI / Kantor Pusat PTPN XI [nl][68]	Kantoor van de Handelsvereeniging Amsterdam;[22][8]: 136 [69] Kantor PPN;[69] Kantor PTPN[69]	1925[8]: 136 [69]	Eduard Cuypers[22][29][8]: 136	7°14′17″S 112°44′05″E
Kantor telepon Surabaya Utara / Kantor Telkom Garuda	Kantor Tilpun Utara[22][62]	1913–1914[62]	Frans Ghijsels[62]	7°14′06″S 112°44′13″E
Locaāhands	Boekhandel J.W.F. Sluyter Soerabaja;[44][70][71][72][73] Van Dorp & Co;[44][72] Toko Aneka Dharma;[70] a car showroom;[70] Bank Dagang Negara;[70] Bank Bumi Daya/PT. Saver;[70][74] Kantor Yayasan Majelis Dzikir Surabaya "Nurussalam"[70]	1925[44][70][73]		7°15′31″S 112°44′20″E
Monumen Pers Perjuangan Surabaya / Media Center PJI-Monumen Pers[75] / Gedung Seiko[76]	Simpangsche Bazaar; De Fikkert Motorcar; Piccolo Club; Toko Nam; Toko Kwang; Kantor Antara[77][78][79][80][81]	1886 (became store); 1904 (renovated); 1938 (demolished and rebuilt)[80]		7°15′39″S 112°44′22″E
Museum Bank Indonesia Surabaya	De Javasche Bank; Bank Indonesia[82][83]	1829 (constructed);[22][82][83][84][85] 1904 (demolished and rebuilt);[82] 1910 (renovated)[22][82][84][85]	Eduard Cuypers (1910 renovation)[29][84][85]	7°14′07″S 112°44′13″E
Pintu Air Jagir [id] / Dam Jagir[86][87] / Banjir Sluis[87][88]		1916–1923 (constructed);[89][90][91] 1978 (renovated)[91][92]	HW Vrijlandt[93]	7°18′02″S 112°44′28″E
Pos Bloc Surabaya	Hoofkantoor Soerabaja; Kantor Pos Besar Surabaya; Kantor Pos Besar Kebonrojo[22][94][95]	1928[94][95]	G.P.J.M. Bolsius and BOW (Burgerlijke Openbare Werken)[22][94]	7°14′34″S 112°44′15″E
Toko Savelkoul	Savelkoul-winkels en andere[8]: 136	1935[8]: 136	Robert Deppe[8]: 136	7°15′42″S 112°44′26″E
Varna Culture Hotel	Magazijn Begeer van Kempen en Vos;[96] Militaire kantine Koninklijke Marine;[97] Kantor BCA KCP Tunjungan[98]	1917–1919[15]	Cosman Citroen[15]	7°15′34″S 112°44′21″E

See also

• Modern history portal
• Architecture portal
• Indonesia portal

• Colonial architecture of Indonesia
• Colonial architecture of Jakarta