Comparison of numerical-analysis software

The following tables provide a comparison of numerical analysis software.

Applications

General

	Creator	Development started	First public release	Latest stable version	Stable release date	Cost (USD)	License	Notes
ADMB	David Fournier, ADMB Project	1989	1990	13.1	December 23, 2022	Free	BSD 3-clause (aka new)	Automatic differentiation makes it well suited to complex minimization problems
Analytica	Lumina Decision Systems	1982 (Demos)		4.6	May 2015	Free (Analytica Free 101), $995 (professional), $2795 (enterprise)	Proprietary	A numerical modeling environment with a declarative and visual programming language based on influence diagrams.
Ch	SoftIntegration		1 October 2001	7.5.1	2 December 2015	$399 (commercial), $199 (academic), Free (student)	Proprietary	C/C++ based numerical computing and graphical plotting[1]
DADiSP	DSP Development	1984	1987	6.7 B02	17 January 2017	$1995 (commercial), $129 (academic), Free (student)	Proprietary	Numeric computations for science and engineering featuring a spreadsheet like interface.
Dyalog APL	Dyalog Ltd.	1981	1983	18.0	10 June 2020	Not free (commercial), Free (non-commercial)	Proprietary	A modern dialect of APL, enhanced with features for functional and object-oriented programming.
Euler Math Toolbox	René Grothmann	1987	1988	2022-02-10	10 February 2022	Free	GPL	Also a computer algebra system through interface with Maxima
Fityk	Marcin Wojdyr		2002	1.3.1	19 December 2016	$115 (1.x binaries), Free (source code and 0.x binaries)	GPL	interactive graphics, scriptable, specialized in curve fitting and peak fitting, 2D only
FlexPro	Weisang GmbH	n/a	1991	2019 (12.0.x)	2018	Not free (commercial), Free (academic)	Proprietary	Dynamic, interactive 2D/3D diagrams, programmable, VBA, high performances, multicore compatible, large data sets.
FreeMat	Samit Basu		2004	4.2	30 June 2013	Free	GPL	Codeless interface to external C, C++, and Fortran code. Mostly compatible with MATLAB.
GAUSS	Aptech Systems		1984	21	8 December 2020	Not free	Proprietary
GNU Data Language	Marc Schellens		2004	1.0.2	15 January 2023	Free	GPL	Aimed as a drop-in replacement for IDL/PV-WAVE
IBM SPSS Statistics	Norman H. Nie, Dale H. Bent, and C. Hadlai Hull		1968	23.0	3 March 2015	Not free	Proprietary	Primarily for statistics
GNU MCSim	Frederic Y. Bois & Don Maszle	1991	1993	6.0.0	24 February 2018	Free	GPL	General simulation and Monte Carlo sampling software
GNU Octave	John W. Eaton	1988	1993	7.3.0	2 November 2022	Free	GPL	General numerical computing package with many extension modules. Syntax mostly compatible with MATLAB
IGOR Pro	WaveMetrics	1986	1988	8.00	May 22, 2018	$995 (commercial) $225 upgrade, $499 (academic) $175 upgrade, $85 (student)	Proprietary	interactive graphics, programmable, 2D/3D, used for science and engineering, large data sets.
imc FAMOS	imc Test & Measurement	1988	1989	2024 R2	April 29, 2024	Not free (commercial), Free (academic)	Proprietary	Solving differential equations, nonlinear approximations, Monte-Carlo calculations, engineering math, interactive plots, Python and R interface
J	Jsoftware	1989	1990	J9.5.1	20 December 2023	Free	GPL	online access to: J Application Library (JAL)
Julia	Jeff Bezanson, Stefan Karpinski, Viral B. Shah, Alan Edelman	2009	2012	1.11.2	2 December 2024	Free	MIT License	A fast,[2][3][4] high-level numerical computing language. [Note 1]
LabPlot	Stefan Gerlach, Alexander Semke, KDE	2001	2003	2.11.1	16 July 2024	Free	GPL-2.0-or-later	2D plotting, suitable for creation of publication-ready plots but also for data visualization and exploration, data import from many formats(ASCII, binary, HDF5, FITS, JSON, etc.), export to vector and raster images, data analysis (nonlinear curve fitting in 2D, FFT, smoothing, integration and differentiation, etc.), digitizing of raster images, live data plotting, support for different CAS like Maxima, Octave, R, etc.
LabVIEW	National Instruments	1985	1986	2016	August 2016	$1249 (commercial), $79.95 (student)	Proprietary	Graphical, and textual through formula nodes, mathscript and .m file scripts[5]
Maple	Maplesoft	1980	1982	2024 (6 March 2024; 13 months ago (2024-03-06)) [±][6]	14 March 2019	$2390 (commercial), $239 (personal), $99 (student)	Proprietary	Mainly a computer algebra system
Mathcad	Parametric Technology Corporation	1985	1986	15.0; Prime 4.0[7]	2 March 2015	$1195 (commercial), $99 (student)	Proprietary
Mathematica	Wolfram Research	1986	1988	14.2.0 (January 23, 2025; 2 months ago (2025-01-23)) [±][8]	13 December 2023	Free (Raspberry Pi[9]), Free Cloud Access, $3320 (commercial), $399 (personal), $75/year (student)[10]	Proprietary	Also computer algebra system
MATLAB	MathWorks	late 1970s	1984	9.12 (R2022a)	15 March 2022	$2150 (standard), $500 (education), $149 (home), $49 (student)	Proprietary	Numerical computation and simulation with extended 2D/3D visualization. Emphasis on vectorised processing.
Maxima	MIT Project MAC and Bill Schelter et al.	1967	1982	5.47.0	31 May 2023	Free	GPL	Mainly a computer algebra system
MLAB	Civilized Software, Inc.	1970 (in SAIL), 1985 (in C)	1972 (on DEC-10), 1988 (on PCs), 1993 (on MACs)	2015	2015	$2250 (standard), $50 (student)	Proprietary	Numerical and Statistical computation for Scientific Applications, e.g. Chemical Kinetics. ODE Solving and Curve-Fitting. Symbolic Differentiation, Survival Analysis, Cluster Analysis, 2D/3D Graphics.
Origin	OriginLab		1991	2019b	24 April 2019	$1095 (std.)/$1800 (Pro) $550 (std., academic) $850 (Pro, academic) $69/yr. (Pro, student)	Proprietary	Integrated data analysis graphing software for science and engineering. Flexible multi-layer graphing framework. 2D, 3D and statistical graph types. Built-in digitizing tool. Analysis with auto recalculation and report generation. Built-in scripting and programming languages.
Perl Data Language	Karl Glazebrook	1996	c. 1997	2.080	28 May 2022	Free	Artistic License	Used for astrophysics, solar physics, oceanography, biophysics, and simulation. 2D plotting via PGPLOT, PLPlot bindings; 3D via GL.
PSPP	Ben Pfaff	1990s	1990s	1.2.0	6 November 2018	Free	GPL v.3 or later	FOSS statistics program, intended as an alternative to IBM SPSS Statistics. [Note 2]
R	R Foundation	1997	1997	4.3.2	31 October 2023	Free	GPL	Primarily for statistics, but there are many interfaces to open-source numerical software
SageMath	William Stein		2005	10.2	3 December 2023	Free	GPL	Programmable, includes computer algebra, 2D+3D plotting. Interfaces to many open-source and proprietary software. Web based interface HTTP or HTTPS
SAS	Anthony Barr, James Goodnight	1966	1972	10.2	10 July 2014	Not free	Proprietary	Mainly for statistics
SequenceL	Texas Multicore Technologies	1989	2012	2.4	10 February 2016	Free (Community Edition), $2495 (Professional Edition)	Proprietary	Functional programming language and tools. [Note 3]
S-Lang	John E. Davis		1992	2.3.0	18 September 2014	Free	GPL, Artistic License (1.x only)	Available as a standalone (slsh) and embedded interpreter (jed, slrn, ...)
Scilab	ESI Group Was:Inria	1990	1994	2024.0.0	24 October 2023	Free	GPL	Programmable, direct support of 2D+3D plotting. Interfaces to many other software packages. Interfacing to external modules written in C, Java, Python or other languages. Language syntax similar to MATLAB. Used for numerical computing in engineering and physics.
Smath Studio	SMath LLC (Andrey Ivashov)		2006	1.0.8348	11 September 2022	Free	Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs (CC-BY-ND)	Mathematical notebook program, similar to Mathcad, with support for Plugins (e.g. Maxima plugin available)
Sysquake	Calerga		1998	6.5	December 2019	free, $2500 (Pro, commercial), $1000 (Pro, academic)	Proprietary	interactive graphics
TK Solver	Universal Technical Systems, Inc.	late 1970s	1982	6.0.152	2020	$599 commercial, $49 (student)	Proprietary	Numerical computation and rule-based application development
VisSim	Visual Solutions		1989	10.1	January 2011	$495-$2800 (commercial) free view-only version $50-$250/free v3.0 (academic)	Proprietary	Visual language for simulation and Model Based Design. Used in business, science and engineering. Performs complex scalar or matrix based ODE solving with parametric optimization. Has 2D and 3D plotting, 3D animation, and state transition built in.
Yorick	n/a	n/a	n/a	9	January 2015	Free	GPL	Programmable, callable 2D+3D plotting. Language syntax similar to C. Interfacing to other software packages via C calls.

Operating system support

The operating systems the software can run on natively (without emulation).

	Windows	macOS	Linux	BSD	Unix	DOS	Android	SaaS
ADMB	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Analytica	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
Ch	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
Dyalog APL	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No[Note 4]	No	No
DADiSP	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	No	No	No
Euler Math Toolbox	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
FlexPro	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
FreeMat	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
GAUSS	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	No
GNU Data Language	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
GNU MCSim	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
GNU Octave	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes
IGOR Pro	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No
imc FAMOS	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
Julia	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	Yes
LabPlot	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
LabVIEW	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	No
Maple	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	No
Mathematica	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes
MATLAB	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
MLAB	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No
Origin	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
Perl Data Language	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No
R	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
SageMath	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Yes
SAS	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	No
SequenceL	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
S-Lang	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No
Scilab	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No
Smath Studio	Yes	?	Yes	?	?	No	Yes	No
Sysquake	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
TK Solver	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
The Unscrambler	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
VisSim	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	No

Language features

Colors indicate features available as

basic system abilities

official or officially supported extensions and libraries

third-party software components or not supported

	Standalone executables creation support	Symbolic computation support	OOP support	GUI creation support	Multi-dimensional arrays as primitive data type	Centralized extension library website	Can call code in other languages	Can be called from other languages
Analytica	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	COM, Excel	Excel, COM, .NET
Dyalog APL	Yes[11]	Yes	Yes[12]	Win32, .NET, WPF, HTML/JS	Yes	Yes	COM, .NET, WebServices, Shared Libraries, DLLs, NAG, R, JavaScript[13]	COM, .NET, WebServices[13]
GNU Data Language	No	No	Yes	GUI Widgets since v.0.9 but still incomplete	Yes	No	C, Python	Python
GNU MCSim	Yes	No	No	XMCSim with TCL/TK and wish	No	No	C	R
GNU Octave	Yes with mkoctfile	Wrappers to SymPy	Yes[14]	Yes	Yes	Yes[15]	C, C++, Fortran,[16] Perl,[17] Python, Tcl[18]	Java,[19] Perl,[17] C, C++,[20] Python
J	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	JavaScript	JavaScript, C, Python
imc FAMOS	No	No	No	Yes	No	No	Python, R, C++	.Net
Julia	Yes	Wrappers to SymPy, SymEngine and others	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	C, Fortran Python, C++, Java, MATLAB, R	C, C++, Python, R
LabVIEW	Professional System version With add-on[21]	No	Yes[22] GOOP[23] G#[24]	Yes	Yes	Yes[25]	C/C++,[26] DLLs, Python,[27] Perl, Tcl,[28] MATLAB, ActiveX, C#/.NET With add-ons. I.e.[29]	Yes[30]
Maple	No	Yes	Yes[31]	Yes	Yes	Yes[32]	C, C#, Fortran	MATLAB,[33] Excel,[34] Visual Basic, Java, and C[35]
Mathematica	Yes[36]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes[37]	Java, .NET, C++, Fortran, CUDA, OpenCL, R, Python, SQL, SPARQL, NodeJS, Julia	Java, .NET, C++, Python Excel,[38] LabVIEW[39] Haskell,[40] AppleScript,[41] Racket,[42] Visual Basic,[43] Clojure[44] MATLAB[45]
MATLAB	with extension[46]	with extension library[47]	Yes[48]	Yes	Yes	Yes[49]	Through MEX[50] files: C, C++, Fortran. Also compiled Java and ActiveX components. Mathematica[45]	.NET,[51] Java,[52] Excel[53]
Maxima	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	Common Lisp	Common Lisp
MLAB	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
PDL	Yes[54]	No	Yes[55]	Yes[56]	Yes	Yes[57]	C via perlXS; C, Python, F77, etc. via Inline	Perl, C[58]
Python	Py2exe, Py2App, PyInstaller, cxFreeze, etc.	SymPy & others	Yes inherently object-oriented	tkinter wxPython, QT, Kivy, many others	Numpy	PyPI	C, C++, Fortran, many others	C, C++, Fortran, many others
R	No	Yes and extended via Ryacas package	Yes[59]	Via the tcltk library	Yes	Yes[60]	C, C++, Fortran[61] MATLAB[62] Python[63]	Excel[64] Python[65] SAS[66]
SageMath	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes[67]	Many languages[68][69][70]	Yes (any language that can call Python)
SAS	No	No	DS2 and SCL	Yes	No	No	C, Java R (requires IML)	No
TK Solver	with extension	No	Yes	with extension	Yes	Yes	.NET Excel	Unknown

Libraries

General

	Creator	Language	First public release	Latest stable version	Cost (USD)	License	Notes
ALGLIB	Sergey Bochkanov	C++, C#, Python, FreePascal	2006	3.19.0, June 2022	Dual licensed	GPL/commercial	General purpose numerical analysis library. Cross-platform (Windows, *nix).
Armadillo	NICTA	C++	2009	3.900, 2013	Free	MPL	C++ template library for linear algebra; includes various decompositions and factorisations; syntax (API) is similar to MATLAB.
GNU Scientific Library	GNU Project	C	1996	2.7, 1 June 2021	Free	GPL	General purpose numerical analysis library. Targets Linux, can be built on almost any *nix OS with Ansi C compiler.
ILNumerics	H. Kutschbach	C#, PowerShell	2007	1.3.14, August 2008	Non-free	Proprietary	aims .Net/mono, 2D/3D plottings (beta)
IMSL Numerical Libraries	Rogue Wave Software	C, Java, C#, Fortran, Python	1970	many components	Not free	Proprietary	General purpose numerical analysis library.
Math.NET Numerics	C. Rüegg, M. Cuda, et al.	C#, F#, C, PowerShell	2009	4.7.0, November 2018	Free	MIT/X11	General purpose numerical analysis and statistics library for the .NET framework and Mono, with optional support for native providers.
NAG Numerical Library	The Numerical Algorithms Group	C, Fortran	1971	many components	Not free	Proprietary	General purpose numerical analysis library.
NMath	CenterSpace Software	C#	2003	6.2, March 2016	$995	Proprietary	Math and statistical libraries for .NET framework
SciPy	scipy.org community	Python	2001	1.5.3, 17 October 2020	Free	BSD	Adds numerical programming abilities to Python language. Related to NumPy, and thus connected to prior Numeric and Numarray packages for Python

Operating-system support

The operating systems the software can run on natively (without emulation).

	Windows	macOS	Linux	BSD	Unix	DOS	Android
ALGLIB	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes
GNU Scientific Library	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes
ILNumerics	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No
IMSL Numerical Libraries	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	No
Math.NET Numerics	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No
NAG Numerical Library	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No
NMath	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No
SciPy (Python packages)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes

See also

• Comparison of computer algebra systems
• Comparison of deep-learning software
• Comparison of statistical packages
• List of numerical-analysis software

Footnotes

1. Julia allows direct calls of C functions (no wrappers needed). Designed for cloud parallel computing with LLVM just-in-time compilation (JIT) as a backend. Lightweight "green" threading (coroutines). Efficient support for Unicode. Shell-like abilities to manage other processes. Lisp-like macros and other metaprogramming facilities.
2. Abilities of PSPP include analysis of sampled data, frequencies, cross-tabs comparison of means (t-tests and one-way ANOVA); linear regression, logistic regression, reliability (Cronbach's Alpha, not failure or Weibull), and re-ordering data, non-parametric tests, factor analysis, cluster analysis, principal components analysis, chi-square analysis and more.
3. SequenceL delivers high performance on multicore hardware with ease of programming, and code clarity/readability. Designed to work with other languages, including C, C++, C#, Java, Fortran, Python, etc. Can be compiled to multithreaded C++ (and optionally OpenCL) code with no explicit indications from the programmer of how or what to parallelize. A platform-specific runtime manages the threads safely.
4. Once was supported