Cycloneuralia

Cycloneuralia is a proposed clade of ecdysozoan animals including the Scalidophora (Kinorhynchans, Loriciferans, Priapulids), the Nematoida (nematodes, Nematomorphs), and the extinct Palaeoscolecida.^[1][2] It may be paraphyletic, or may be a sister group to Panarthropoda. Or perhaps Panarthropoda is paraphyletic with respect to Cycloneuralia.^[3] The group has also been considered a single phylum, sometimes given the old name Nemathelminthes.^[4] The uniting character is the nervous system organization with a circumpharyngeal brain and somata–neuropil–somata pattern.^[5] The name derives from the position of the brain around the pharynx.^[6]

Cycloneuralia Temporal range: Early Cambrian–Recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Priapulus caudatus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Subkingdom:	Eumetazoa
Clade:	ParaHoxozoa
Clade:	Bilateria
Clade:	Nephrozoa
Clade:	Protostomia
Superphylum:	Ecdysozoa
Clade:	Cycloneuralia
Subclades
Nematoida Nematoda Nematomorpha †Palaeoscolecida †Chalazoscolecidae etc. Scalidophora Kinorhyncha Priapulida Loricifera