Dactylocnemis

Dactylocnemis pacificus, the Pacific gecko or Pacific sticky-toed gecko, is a species in the family Gekkonidae, endemic to the North Island and offshore islands of New Zealand.^[2] D. pacificus is the only described species in the genus Dactylocnemis, but five offshore island forms may represent new species,^[3] one of which is the Mokohinau gecko.

Dactylocnemis
Close up of head and upper body
Conservation status
CITES Appendix III (CITES)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Order:	Squamata
Suborder:	Gekkota
Family:	Diplodactylidae
Genus:	Dactylocnemis Steindachner, 1867
Species:	D. pacificus
Binomial name
Dactylocnemis pacificus (Gray, 1842)
Distribution of the Pacific gecko on a map of the North Island   Known native range
Synonyms
Hoplodactylus pacificus

Taxonomy

The Pacific gecko was first described by John Edward Gray in 1842 as Naultinus pacificus.^[4] By 1851 the species had been recombined as Platydactylus pacificus, Dactylocnemis pacificus in 1867, and Hoplodactylus pacificus in 1995.^[5] In 2011 after phylogenetic analysis, the species was placed back into the genus Dactylocnemis.^[6]

The genus Dactylocnemis was described by Franz Steindachner in 1867, who named the Pacific gecko the type species.^[7] The genus was later synonymised with Hoplodactylus, but brought out of synonymy in 2011.^[6]

While currently only Dactylocnemis pacificus has been formally described, there are currently five undescribed populations of Dactylocnemis lizards which may either be species or subspecies of Dactylocnemis pacificus. These include the Matapia Island geckos, North Cape geckos, the Mokohinau gecko on the Mokohinau Islands, the Poor Knights Islands geckos, and the Manawatāwhi / Three Kings Islands geckos.^[8]

• Poor Knights Islands geckos
• 
• 
• 

Description

The species can grow up to 80 mm (3.1 in) in length. It has a variable body colour, typically a mottled pattern of brown, greyish brown or olive green. The underside of the Pacific gecko is pale grey in colour, and occasionally speckled with black.^[9] The species can be differentiated from the Raukawa gecko and the gold-striped gecko due to the Pacific gecko's rostral scale being in contact with nostrils.^[9]

Behaviour

The species is nocturnal, hiding beneath loose bark or within trees in the daytime, or on occasion sun-basking. The species forages on trees and within foliage at night time,^[9] and has an omnivorous diet, feeling on fruits, nectar and invertebrates.^[9]

Pacific geckos mate between Match and May, and give birth to one or two young between February and March. Young geckos take between three and four years to become sexually mature.^[9]

Distribution and habitat

The species is found on the North Island, from Whanganui north to the Bay of Islands.^[9] The species is found in a range of coastal and lowland habitats, including beaches, scrubland and forest.^[9]

Gallery

• 
  Illustration by Charles Frédéric Girard in 1858 from the United States Exploring Expedition Herpetology Atlas
• 
  D. pacificus seen in the central Waikato Region
• 
  Close-up of face of D. pacificus, seen near the Bay of Islands