Damu language

Damu is a poorly documented Tani (Sino-Tibetan) language spoken in Tibet. Only 80 speakers of this language were reported to exist in 1985,^[1] and the language community was experiencing strong language contact with speakers of Bodic languages at that time. No documentation or description of the Damu language other than some brief remarks and a wordlist in Ouyang (1985) appears to exist, and it is not known whether the Damu community is still intact and speaking their language.

Damu
Region	Tibet
Native speakers	(80 cited 1985)[1]
Language family	Sino-Tibetan Tani Western? Damu
Dialects	Panggi?
Language codes
ISO 639-3	None (mis)
Glottolog	damu1236

The precise genetic affiliation of Damu remains unclear. Although Sun (1993) clearly identified Damu as a member of the Tani languages, he noted some difficulties that prevented its precise alignment within either Western Tani or Eastern Tani. In addition, Sun speculated that Damu might represent a northern variety of the Tangam language. Post (2013a) concluded that Tangam and Damu are in fact distinct, despite sharing a number of features. In particular, both Tangam and Damu share an early sound change which would suggest aligning them with Western Tani, despite sharing an overall Eastern Tani–like profile.^[2]

Phonology

Consonants^[3]

		Labial	Alveolar	Retroflex	Alveolo-palatal	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Plosive	oral	p b	t d			c ɟ	k g	ʔ
	aspirated	pʰ	tʰ				kʰ
Affricate	oral	pr br	ts dz	ʈʂ ɖʐ	tɕ dʑ
	aspirated		tsʰ	ʈʂʰ	tɕʰ
Fricative			s z			ç	x	ɦ
Nasal		m̥ m	n		ɲ	ŋ̊ ŋ
Approximant		w	l̥ l	r		j

Vowels^[3]

	Front		Central	Back
	Unrounded	Rounded
Syllabic	(ɹ̩)		(ɻ̩)
High	i iː	y yː	ɯ ɯː	u uː
Mid	e eː	ø øː	ə əː	o oː
Low			a aː

• Vowel length is only contrastive in open syllables.
• /ɹ̩/ and /ɻ̩/ are only found in loanwords from Tibetan.

Additionally, the following diphthongs have been observed: /iu/, /iə/, /ia/, /iaː/, /yu/, /yo/, /yə/, /ui/, /ue/, /ei/, /əɯ/.