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Deltaretrovirus
Genus of viruses From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Deltaretrovirus is a genus of the Retroviridae family. It consists of exogenous horizontally transmitted viruses found in several groups of mammals. The genus contains Bovine leukemia virus and three species of primate T-lymphotropic virus.
The genus of viruses is known for its propensity to target immune cells and oncogenicity, evident in the names of the four named species.[1] Infection is usually asymptomatic, but inflammation and cancer can develop over time.[2]
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Classification
The genus contains the following species, listed by scientific name and followed by the exemplar virus of the species:[3]
- Deltaretrovirus bovleu, Bovine leukemia virus
- Deltaretrovirus priTlym1, Primate T-lymphotropic virus 1
- Deltaretrovirus priTlym2, Primate T-lymphotropic virus 2
- Deltaretrovirus priTlym3, Primate T-lymphotropic virus 3
Two additional PTLVs are known but not recognized: HTLV-4 (South Cameroon, 2005) and STLV-5 (Mac B43 strain, highly divergent PTLV-1).[4]
In addition, eight endogenous retroviruses identified as Deltaretrovirus are known as of 2019. Two of these were complete enough to show ORFs; the rest only showing long terminal repeats.[1]
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Hosts
Known exogenous deltaretroviruses infect cattle and primates.[1]
The two complete endogenous ones were found in bats and dolphins; the others in Solenodon, mongoose, and fossa. These endogenous examples fill in the large gap in the host range.[1]
Clinical relevance
References
External links
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