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Demographics of Rwanda

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Demographics of Rwanda
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Demographic features of the population of Rwanda include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects.

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Rwanda population pyramid in 2020

Rwanda's population density is among the highest in Sub-Saharan Africa at 500 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,300/sq mi). This country has few villages, and nearly every family lives in a self-contained compound on a hillside. The urban concentrations are grouped around administrative centers.

Over half of the adult population is literate, but no more than 5% have received secondary education.[citation needed]

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Population

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A graph showing the historical population of Rwanda.

In 1950, Rwanda had a very narrow population pyramid, with less than 250,000 males and females between 0–10 years old. The graph only gets narrower as it goes up with virtually no-one living past 50 years of age. In 2017, the population of Rwanda increased dramatically from 1950 with about 750,000 people between 0–20 years old; the graph remains very narrow in the older ages section but has improved from 1950. By 2050, it is predicted that more people will be living longer and the structure will broaden overall. By 2100, it is predicted that there will be more people aged between 30 and 60 than between 0–20, as previous years have shown.[1]

According to the 2022 revision of the World Population Prospects[2][3] the total population was 13,461,888 in 2021, compared to only 2,072,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 42.6%, 54.7% were between 15 and 65 years of age, and 2.7% was 65 years or older .[4]

More information Total population (in thousands), Population aged 0–14 (%) ...

Structure of the population

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2012) (Data refer to national projections.):[5]

More information Age group, Male ...

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2019) (Projections based on the 2012 Population Census.):[6]

More information Age Group, Male ...
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Vital statistics

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Population, fertility rate and net reproduction rate, United Nations estimates

Registration of vital events is in Rwanda not complete. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates:[7]

More information Mid-year population, Live births ...

Demographic and Health Surveys

Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR):[8]

More information Year, Total ...
millionyear2468101214195019601970198019902000201020202030population (million)Rwanda Population
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years-80-60-40-2002040195019601970198019902000201020202030Natural change (per 1000)Rwanda Population Change
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years0306090120150180195019601970198019902000201020202030Infant Mortality (per 1000 live births)Rwanda Infant Mortality
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TFRyears3456789195019601970198019902000201020202030Total Fertility RateTotal Fertility Rate
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Fertility data as of 2014–15 (DHS Program):[9]

More information Province, Total fertility rate ...

Life expectancy

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Historical development of life expectancy in Rwanda
More information Period, Life expectancy in Years ...

Source: UN[10]

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Ethnic groups

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Children carrying firewood near Lake Kivu

The Rwandan population largely consists of three ethnic groups. The Hutus, who comprise the majority of the population (85%), are farmers of Bantu origin. The Tutsis (14% before the Genocide, probably less than 10% now) are a pastoral people who arrived in the area in the 15th century.[11] Until 1959, they formed the dominant caste under a feudal system based on cattle-holding.[12]

The Twa (pygmies) (1%) are thought to be the remnants of the earliest settlers of the region.

Languages

  • Kinyarwanda only (official universal Bantu vernacular) 93.2%
  • Kinyarwanda and other language(s) 6.2%
  • French (official) and other language(s) 0.1%
  • English (official) and other language(s) 0.1%
  • Swahili (or Kiswahili used in commercial centers) 0.02%
  • Other 0.03%
  • Unspecified 0.3% (2002 est.)

Religion

Protestant 57.7% (includes Adventist 12.6%), Roman Catholic 38.2%, Muslim 2.1%, other 1% (includes traditional, Jehovah's Witness), none 1.1% (2019-20 est.)

See also

References

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