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Eccrine carcinoma
Medical condition From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Eccrine carcinoma is a rare skin condition characterized by a plaque or nodule on the scalp, trunk, or extremities.[1]: 669 It originates from the eccrine sweat glands of the skin, accounting for less than 0.01% of diagnosed cutaneous malignancies.[2] Eccrine carcinoma tumors are locally aggressive, with a high rate of recurrence. Lack of reliable immunohistochemical markers and similarity to other common tumors has made identification of eccrine carcinoma difficult.[2]
Most eccrine carcinomas which have not spread can be cured by wide local excision. However, metastatic disease carries a poor prognosis.[2]
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Symptoms
Eccrine carcinoma results in brown, bluish, erythematous skin lesions across the body. Common regions where lesions are found are in the lower extremities (35%), head and neck (24%), and upper extremities (14%).[3][4]
Complications
Metastases and/or antagonistic side effects can occur after surgical excision of tumors.[2]
Types
Eccrine carcinomas include porocarcinoma, hidradenocarcinoma, malignant spiradenoma carcinoma, malignant cylindroma, syringoid eccrine carcinoma, microcystic adnexal carcinoma, mucinous carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, and ductal papillary adenocarcinoma.[2] Other tumors not classified include eccrine ductal carcinoma, basaloid eccrine carcinoma, clear cell eccrine carcinoma and non-specified sweat gland carcinomas.[2]
Causes
There is no research yet as to what causes Eccrine carcinoma.[2]
Diagnosis
A skin biopsy is the most common test used to diagnose eccrine carcinoma.[2] The biopsy will detect growth of new or abnormal tissue. Another test that can be performed is using immunohistochemistry, but it is inconsistent.[2] Markers used to detect eccrine carcinoma consist of carcinoembryonic antigen, progesterone receptors, estrogen receptors, epithelial membrane antigen, pancytokeratins, and cytokeratin 7.[5][6]
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Treatment
Wide surgical excision is the mainstay of treatment.[2][7] Chemotherapy and radiation therapy have been used in metastatic disease.[2][8]
Prognosis
In the absence of metastasis, local excision is curative in 70–80% of cases.[9] Metastatic eccrine carcinoma has a relative mortality rate of 65% (with local lymph node involvement alone) to 80% (with distant metastases), and the 10-year overall survival rate is 9%.[3][9]
Frequency
Eccrine carcinoma accounts for 0.005-0.01% of diagnosed cutaneous malignancies.[9]
See also
References
External links
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