Engraulis

Engraulis is a genus of anchovies. It currently contains nine species.^[2] They are found in Pacific, Atlantic and Mediterranean sea, as well.

Engraulis Temporal range: 11–0 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Late Miocene to Present[1]
A school of Californian anchovies, E. mordax.
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Clupeiformes
Family:	Engraulidae
Subfamily:	Engraulinae
Genus:	Engraulis Cuvier, 1816
Type species
Clupea encrasicolus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Species
See text.

Species

Engraulis contains the following species:^[3]

• Engraulis albidus Borsa, Collet & J. D. Durand, 2004^[4] (White anchovy)
• Engraulis anchoita C. L. Hubbs & Marini, 1935 (Argentine anchoita)
• Engraulis australis (Shaw, 1790) (Australian anchovy)
• Engraulis capensis Gilchrist, 1913 (Southern African anchovy)
• Engraulis encrasicolus (Linnaeus, 1758) (European anchovy)
• Engraulis eurystole (Swain & Meek, 1885) (Silver anchovy)
• Engraulis japonicus Temminck & Schlegel, 1846 (Japanese anchovy)
• Engraulis mordax Girard, 1854 (Californian anchovy)
• Engraulis ringens Jenyns, 1842 (Peruvian anchoveta)

Two valid fossil species are also known:^[5]

• †Engraulis macrocephalus Landini & Menesini, 1978 - Late Pliocene/Early Pleistocene of Italy
• †Engraulis tethensis Grande, 1985 - Late Miocene of Cyprus

Many other fossil species have been assigned to Engraulis, but a review of these specimens have found most to be far too fragmentary to be assigned to this genus, and many to not even be clupeomorphs.^[5]