Ferrari V6 hybrid Formula One power unit

Ferrari has made a series of 1.6-litre, turbocharged, V6, Formula One racing engines, starting with the Tipo 059/3 designation for the 2014 season.

Ferrari 1.6 V6 turbo
The 065/6 internal combustion engine and its energy storage unit, pictured on display in 2023.
Overview
Manufacturer	Scuderia Ferrari
Production	2014–present
Layout
Configuration	V-6 single hybrid turbocharged engine, 90° cylinder angle
Displacement	1.6 litres (98 cubic inches)
Cylinder bore	80 mm (3.15 in)
Piston stroke	53 mm (2.09 in)
Cylinder block material	Aluminum alloy
Cylinder head material	Aluminum alloy
Valvetrain	24-valve (four-valves per cylinder), DOHC
Combustion
Turbocharger	Hybrid turbocharger with typical 3.5-5.0 bar boost pressure
Fuel system	500 bar (7,252 psi) gasoline direct injection
Management	McLaren TAG-320
Fuel type	Shell V-Power unleaded gasoline 94.25% + 5.75% biofuel[1]
Oil system	Dry sump
Cooling system	Single water pump
Output
Power output	600–680 + 160 hp (447–507 + 119 kW) (2014-2016)[2][3] 771 + 160 hp (575 + 119 kW) (2017-2018)[4] 850 + 160 hp (634 + 119 kW) (2019-present)
Torque output	Approx. 600–822 N⋅m (443–606 ft⋅lb)
Dimensions
Dry weight	145 kg (320 lb) overall including headers, clutch, ECU, spark box or filters
Chronology
Predecessor	Ferrari V8 F1

Development

The V6 turbo engine was developed under the direction of Luca Marmorini and Mattia Binotto.^[5][6]

Design

The engine itself is coupled with an energy recovery system hybrid unit, and all evolutions and newer iterations of the power unit are based on the same basic hybrid architecture that has existed since 2014.

Naming

Ferrari 059/3 was the engine's official name in the 2014 inaugural season. In the following seasons, the further expansion stages of the engine were each given new names. Formally, however, all expansion forms were based on the basic structure that has existed since 2014.

Criticism and FIA investigation

The Type 064 of the 2019 season was often criticized from the middle of the season. While Ferrari put in a strong performance throughout the 2019 season, their performance was particularly strong between the Belgian Grand Prix and the Mexican Grand Prix. During these races, Ferrari took six consecutive pole positions and scored their only victories of the season in these races. As their form had noticeably improved compared to the first 12 races of the season, Red Bull made an inquiry to the FIA and asked for clarification on whether the use of a system used by Ferrari that bypasses the fuel flow sensor is permissible. Red Bull accused Ferrari of installing the sensor in such a way that it could not measure an increased, illegal fuel flow. The FIA responded with a technical guideline ahead of the United States Grand Prix, reminding all competitors that such systems are not allowed. As a result, Ferrari's form faded. As the season progressed, they managed neither a pole position nor a win. Max Verstappen then publicly accused Ferrari of cheating.^[7]

After the end of testing for the 2020 season, the FIA announced that it had completed its investigation into the Type 064 engine and entered into a private agreement with Ferrari. The FIA refused to disclose the results of the investigation after protests from the other teams.^[8]

Applications

• Tipo 059/3
  • Ferrari F14 T (2014)
  • Marussia MR03 (2014)
  • Sauber C33 (2014)
  • Marussia MR03B (2015)
• Tipo 060
  • Ferrari SF15-T (2015)
  • Sauber C34 (2015)
  • Toro Rosso STR11 (2016)
• Tipo 061
  • Ferrari SF16-H (2016)
  • Haas VF-16 (2016)
  • Sauber C35 (2016)
  • Sauber C36 (2017)
• Tipo 062 (2017)
  • Ferrari SF70H
  • Haas VF-17
• Tipo 062 EVO (2018)
  • Ferrari SF71H
  • Haas VF-18
  • Sauber C37
• Tipo 064 (2019)
  • Ferrari SF90
  • Alfa Romeo Racing C38
  • Haas VF-19
• Tipo 065 (2020)
  • Ferrari SF1000
  • Alfa Romeo Racing C39
  • Haas VF-20
• Tipo 065/6 (2021)
  • Ferrari SF21
  • Alfa Romeo Racing C41
  • Haas VF-21
• Tipo 066/7 (2022)
  • Ferrari F1-75
  • Alfa Romeo C42
  • Haas VF-22
• Tipo 066/10
  • Ferrari SF-23 (2023)
  • Alfa Romeo C43 (2023)
  • Haas VF-23 (2023)
  • Haas VF-24 (2024)
• Tipo 066/12
  • Ferrari SF-24 (2024)
  • Kick Sauber C44 (2024)
  • Ferrari SF-25 (2025)
  • Haas VF-25 (2025)
  • Kick Sauber C45 (2025)