Five Star Direct Democracy

Five Star Direct Democracy^[1] was a political alliance in the European Union created ahead of the 2019 European Parliament election by the then deputy prime minister of Italy Luigi Di Maio, with the intent of forming a political group in the European Parliament.^[2] The alliance consisted of five political parties which shared a syncretic^[3][4][5] political ideology centered around direct democracy and anti-establishment^[6][7] rhetoric.^[8] The alliance won 15 seats from two different countries (14 from Italy and 1 from Croatia), falling short of the 25 MEPs from seven member states required to form a political group in the European Parliament.

Five Star Direct Democracy
Abbreviation	5SDD
Founder	Luigi Di Maio
Founded	2019 (2019)
Split from	Europe of Freedom and Direct Democracy
Ideology	Direct democracy Anti-establishment Anti-corruption Populism Soft Euroscepticism
Political position	Syncretic
Politics of the European Union Political parties Elections

History

Membership

The following parties participated in the alliance:

Country	Party		Abbr.	Representative[8]	Ideology	Seats won
Croatia		Human Shield	ŽZ	Ivan Vilibor Sinčić	Anti-establishment	1 / 11
Finland		Movement Now	Liik	Karoliina Kähönen	Liberalism	0 / 13
Greece		Agricultural Livestock Party of Greece	AKKEL	Evangelos Tsiobanidis	Agrarianism	0 / 21
Italy		Five Star Movement	M5S	Luigi Di Maio	Populism	14 / 73
Poland		Kukiz'15	K'15	Paweł Kukiz	Right-wing populism	0 / 51

See also

• Democracy in Europe Movement 2025, pan-European alliance aiming to democratise the EU
• Yellow vests protests, motivated by similar principles to 5SDD
• Law and Justice, successor to Human Shield
• European Alliance for Freedom and Democracy, of which ŽZ, AKKEL, and K'15 were membres