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Fregona
Comune in Veneto, Italy From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Fregona is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Treviso in the Italian region Veneto, located about 60 kilometres (37 miles) north of Venice and about 40 km (25 mi) north of Treviso. t is a scattered municipality as the municipal seat is the Mezzavilla hamlet.
Fregona borders the following municipalities: Caneva, Cappella Maggiore, Cordignano, Alpago, Sarmede, Tambre, Vittorio Veneto.
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Physical geography
The municipal territory extends across the foothills northeast of Vittorio Veneto and across a large portion of the Cansiglio plateau, including some of the surrounding peaks; specifically, Pizzoc (1,565 m) and Millifret (1,581 m), the highest point in the municipality. The rest of the towns are located in a hilly area, rarely exceeding 600–700 mt.
The area is rich in springs and waterways, among which the Carron stream stands out, rising at the foot of Pizzoc and flowing immediately east. Other noteworthy streams include the Friga, its tributary the Vizza, and the Caglieron with its caves, a fascinating complex consisting of a natural gorge and several quarries from which sandstone (locally known as piera dolza) was once mined. Also worthy of mention is Lake Madruc, a small artificial body of water located near Fratte.
Il Cansiglio rappresenta un inestimabile patrimonio naturalistico e proprio la porzione fregonese è tutelata da alcune aree protette: la Riserva naturale integrale Piaie Longhe-Millifret, la Riserva Statale Campo di Mezzo-Pian di Parrocchia e la Riserva naturale Bus della Genziana, quest'ultima uno dei rari esempi di riserva speleologica.[3]
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History
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The human presence in Fregona dates back at least to the Iron Age, proven by the remains of tools. The area was indeed very favorable for settlement, favored by its sunny position, abundant water resources, and the protection afforded by the mountains. The area was also civilized under the Romans: traces of this remain in the toponymy and in some coins dating back to the empires of Tiberius and Maximinus Thrax. The toponym Fregona probably derives from a Germanic anthroponym: cf. Germanic Fridrich (Federico), later Frigo, from which the augmentative Frigón[4]; according to others, from the Friga torrent (cf. Lombard rig “furrow,” “canal”[5]); the hypothesis that it derives from the Latin frīgŭs “cold,” “fresh,” with a suffix, should be considered paratymological.
The toponym could also refer to the presence of an ancient sacred area dedicated to Frigg/Freja, an important Germanic deity of fertility and dating back to the centuries of Gothic and Lombard domination, when barbarian populations of uncertain ethnicity settled in the area of Vittoriese, where the Lombard Duchy of Ceneda was also established. The hydronyms Friga and Vizza as well as the oronym of Monte Pizzoc seem to confirm a more than marginal past presence of Germanic populations in the area while a limited but confirmed veneration of pagan cults that occurred among these people is also at the basis of the famous legend of Saint Augusta which would narrate that the saint, born in Fregona near the Castle of Piai, was the daughter of a pagan king named Madruch.
Once owned by the bishops of Belluno, it later fell under the rule of the da Montanara counts, who had built a fortress on what is now Monte Castello, in Piai. The Montanara family later moved to Camino di Oderzo, taking the name da Camino. After the death of Rizzardo VI da Camino, Fregona followed the fate of Serravalle and passed under the Serenissima (1337).
During the War of the League of Cambrai (1509) a group of heroic Fregonesi, recruited by Francesco Forte, freed Serravalle from the troops of Maximilian of Habsburg. Venice wanted to reward the town with a ducal document (parchment still preserved in the town hall) which offered the community numerous privileges, which remained in force until the fall of the Republic (1797).[6]
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Monuments and Places of interest
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Parish Church
Parish Church is dedicated to the Assumption of Mary, has ancient origins, but was rebuilt in 1474 and reconsecrated the following year. Between 1797 and 1820, it was rebuilt in its current form and reconsecrated in 1833. The bell tower, constructed with blocks of stone extracted from local quarries and completed in 1903, is noteworthy. Also noteworthy is the organ, the work of Zuane Limana (1783).
First mentioned in a papal bull of 1182, the parish had its origin in the parish of Sant'Andrea di Bigonzo, from which it separated before the year 1000. It encompassed a much larger territory than the current one, also extending to Cappella Maggiore (separated in 1494), Montaner (1600), Osigo (1865), and Sonego (1951[9]). It was probably originally located in the small church of San Martino di Mezzavilla, which also had its own cemetery.[7][8].
Venetian Villas
Below is a list of Venetian villas in the municipality of Fregona:
- Villa Trojer Lucheschi De Mori Salvador[9] (17th century)
- Casa Fossa[10] (Fratte, 17th century)
- Villa Dal Cin Giacomini Zanente Giustiniani[11] (Osigo, 15th century)
- Villa Da Cason De Lorenzi Uliana Pizzol[12] (Fratte, 17th century)
- Villa Altan Pancetti[13] (Fratte, 18th century)
- Villa Salvador[14] (Fratte, 18th century)
Demographic evolution
Ethnic groups and foreign minorities
As of December 31, 2023, there were 141 foreigners residing in the municipality, or 5.1% of the population. The largest foreign community is Romanian, with 23.4% of all foreigners present in the area, followed by Moroccan and Ukrainian citizens.[15].
Human geography
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The municipal statute does not list any hamlets or localities, however the municipality is made up of numerous villages and hamlets of which the most important is the one of the same name (where the parish of the Assumption is located), which today also includes some localities located further north and once distinct, such as Mezzavilla (where the town hall is located), Piai (342 m) and Sonego (425 m).
The following are still separated from the municipality:
- Breda (288 m, pop. 36): a small village west of Mezzavilla, near the Caglieron caves.
- Buse (155 m, pop. 21): a tiny village between Fratte and Montaner di Sarmede.
- Ciser (450 m, pop. 31): a small village west of Sonego.
- Col d'Osigo (263 m, pop. 26): a small village southeast of Osigo.
- Fratte (170 m, pop. 228): the southernmost village, located just beyond Anzano di Cappella Maggiore. It developed along the current Via Fratte (SP 422) and to the left of the Carron stream, and a modest industrial area is located there.
- Luca (354 m, population 59): a village beyond Osigo, towards Montaner di Sarmede. It sits on a hill overlooking the Veneto plain, and the small church dedicated to San Luca is of historical interest.
- Osigo (327 m, population 544): the second most populous town, east of Mezzavilla.
- Piai (342 m): lies immediately north of Mezzavilla, just before Sonego.
- Sonego (425 m): another large village north of Mezzavilla.
Fregona is the municipality with the lowest population density in the province of Treviso.[16]The pretty town is emptying, like many others in these parts, as the local population is having fewer children and residents are increasingly migrating to larger cities or moving abroad.[17]
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Administration
Twin towns
Fregona is twinned with:
Seyssel, Ain, France, since 1992
Court-Saint-Étienne, Belgium
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fregona.
References
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