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Fuyu County, Heilongjiang
County in Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Fuyu (Chinese: 富裕; pinyin: Fùyù) is a county of western Heilongjiang province, China, under the administration of Qiqihar City.[1] Various economic crops and the milk are produced in the fertile land.[citation needed] The county has an area of 4,026 square kilometres (1,554 sq mi), and has a population of approximately 300,000 inhabitants, per a 2023 government publication.[2]
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Toponymy
Fuyu County is named after the nearby Wuyur River, which derives from a Jurchen word for waterlogged depression.[1] The county's name been transcribed into Chinese in a number of different ways, such as Wuyur (Chinese: 乌裕尔; pinyin: Wūyù'ěr), Huyur (Chinese: 呼裕尔; pinyin: Hūyù‘ěr), Huyur (Chinese: 瑚裕尔; pinyin: Húyù'ěr), and Wuyur (Chinese: 乌雨尔; pinyin: Wūyǔ'ěr).[1]
History
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The area of present-day Fuyu County was once inhabited by the Sushen.[1]
The area also once belonged to the kingdom of Buyeo, and later Dumakru.[1]
The area would later be inhabited by the Heishui Mohe.[1]
The Liao dynasty then conquered the area, and placed it under Dongjing Circuit, which was then administered by Changchun Prefecture.[1]
Under the Jin dynasty, the area was administered as Puyu Road.[1]
Following the Jin dynasty, the area was ruled by the Yuan dynasty.[1]
Under the Ming dynasty, which followed the Yuan, the area was administered as part of the Nurgan Regional Military Commission.[1]
During the Qing dynasty, the area was administered as part of Qiqihar.[1] In 1685, Qing settlers established a settlement in contemporary Fuyu, known as Dalaiketun (Chinese: 大来克屯; pinyin: Dàláikètún).[1] Towards the end of the Qing dynasty, the region was put under the administration of Longjiang Fu and Yikeming'an Banner.[1]
On March 19, 1929, the Republic of China reorganized the area as Fuyu Administrative Bureau, an Administrative Bureau.[1]
On October 1, 1933, the puppet state of Manchukuo established Fuyu County.[1] Since then, the county has changed provinces numerous times, and has changed prefecture a number of times, until December 15, 1984, when it was placed under Qiqihar, which has remained since.[1]
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Administrative divisions
Fuyu County is divided into six towns, three townships, and one ethnic township.[3]
The county's six towns are Fuyu, Fulu, Fuhai, Erdaowan, Long'anqiao, and Taha.[3]
The county's three townships are Fanrong Township, Shaowen Township, and Zhonghou Township.[3]
The county's sole ethnic township is Youyi Daur, Manchu, and Kirghiz Ethnic Township.[3]
Geography
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Fuyu County is located on the left bank of the middle reaches of the Nen River, to the north of Qiqihar's urban core, and the adjacent prefecture-level city of Daqing.[2] Qiqihar's downtown is located 65 kilometres (40 mi) to the southwest.[citation needed] Fuyu County is bordered by Yi'an County to the east, Gannan County to the west across Nen River, and the county-level city of Nehe to the north.[2]
Topography
Fuyu County's elevation is higher in the northeast, and lower in the southwest, and the county has an average elevation of 185 metres (607 ft) above sea level.[2]
Fauna
Wild animals common in Fuyu County include wolves, foxes, rabbits, red-crowned cranes, storks, and the scaly-sided merganser.[2] Common sea creatures in Fuyu County include Asian carp, goldfish, and catfish.[2]
Climate
Fuyu has a cold, monsoon-influenced, humid continental climate (Köppen Dwa), with four distinct seasons. It has long, bitterly cold, dry winters and very warm, rainy summers.
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Demographics
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Ethnic groups
The county is home to 17 different ethnic groups: Han Chinese, Manchu, Daur, Fuyu Kyrgyz, Mongolian, Hui, Tibetan, Miao, Yi, Zhuang, Buyi, Korean, Xibe, Yao, Ewenki, Oroqen, and Uygur.[7] The Han Chinese comprise 95.5% of the county's population.[2] Much of the county's ethnic minorities live in villages clustered together, such as Manchus living in the village of Sanjiazi (Chinese: 三家子; Romanized Manchu: Ilan Boo), Kyrgyz living in Wujiazi (Chinese: 五家子), Daurs living in Dengke (Chinese: 登科) and other villages, and Mongols living in Daxiaoquanzi (Chinese: 大小泉子).[7]
Manchu
Fuyu County is home to approximately 7,000 Manchu people, most of whom live in the villages of Damagang (Chinese: 大马岗), Xiaomagang (Chinese: 小马岗), and Dagaoliang (Chinese: 大高粱).[7] The town of Taha hosts an annual Manchu sports festival, which includes horse racing, wrestling, archery, a competition in the traditional Manchu sport of pearl ball (Chinese: 珍珠球), and other events.[7]
Daur
Fuyu County's government estimates that there are approximately 6,000 Daur people living in the county, and that the county's Daur population migrated to the area during the 1750s.[7]
Villages in Fuyu County with large amounts of Daur people include Dengke (Chinese: 登科) Dongji (Chinese: 东极), Dahazhou (Chinese: 大哈洲), Liangchufang (Chinese: 两出房), Shiwuli (Chinese: 十五里), Dongtaha (Chinese: 东塔哈), Xiaogaoliang (Chinese: 小高粱), Xitaha (Chinese: 西塔哈), Kumu (Chinese: 库木), Jiqibao (Chinese: 吉期堡) and Fufeng (Chinese: 富丰).[7]
Mongol
Fuyu County is home to over 2,000 Mongols, who are predominantly Oirats.[7] The county's Mongol population is largely concentrated in the villages of Daquanzi (Chinese: 大泉子), Xiaoquanzi (Chinese: 小泉子), Chenjiazi (Chinese: 陈家子), Bajiazi (Chinese: 八家子), and Sanjianfang (Chinese: 三间房).[7]
Fuyu Kyrgyz
The largely Fuyu Kyrgyz village of Wujiazi is the largest concentration of Kyrgyz people in China, outside of Xinjiang.[7] Of the 653 people who live in the village, 219 (33.54%) are Kyrgyz.[7] Fuyu County as a whole has 1,400 Kyrgyz people.[7] The Fuyu Kyrgyz are separate from the other Kyrgyz ethnic group (see the Fuyu Kyrgyz language classification), but they are usually listed as Kyrgyz by the authorities.
Languages
Sanjiazi (三家子; Romanized Manchu: Ilan Boo) in Fuyu County is one of the few villages whose elderly inhabitants are considered to being the last native speakers of Manchu.[7][8] The village's school offers courses in Manchu.[7]
The Fuyu Kyrgyz language is spoken in Fuyu County. It is not a variety of Kyrgyz, but is closer to the Siberian modern Khakas and the ancient language of the Yenisei Kyrgyz.[citation needed]
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Economy
Agriculture in Fuyu County is significant. Major crops grown within Fuyu County include soybeans, maize, wheat, rice, sorghum, millet, sugar beets, potatoes, sunflowers, and various vegetables.[2] Common livestock in Fuyu County include dairy cows, beef cattle, pigs, sheep, and poultry.[2]
Mineral resources in Fuyu County include sand, gravel, clay, peat, mineral water, quartz, chalk, and agate.[2]
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Transportation
The Qiqihar–Bei'an railway and the Qiqihar–Jiagedaqi railway (Chinese: 齐加铁路; pinyin: Qí–Jiā tiělù) both run through Fuyu County.[2] Major roads servicing Fuyu County include the G11 Hegang–Dalian Expressway and Heilongjiang Provincial Road S302.[2]
See also
- Aihui District, home to the village of Dawujia, which also boasts native Manchu speakers
- Daur people
- Fuyu Kyrgyz people
- Manchu people
- Sanjiazi
External links
References
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