GEO Imaging Satellite

Geo Imaging Satellite or GISAT is an Indian imaging satellite class for geostationary orbit with a high temporal resolution, meant for providing near real time imaging with fast revisit capability and real time monitoring.^[9] Two satellites will provide resolution in the range of 42 to 318 m.^[1][10] It will carry multi-spectral (Visible and Near-InfraRed, and Short Wave-InfraRed), multi-resolution (42 to 318 m) imaging instruments.^[11]

Geo Imaging Satellite

GISAT-1 spacecraft in the cleanroom before encapsulation.
Manufacturer	U R Rao Satellite Centre Space Applications Centre
Country of origin	India
Operator	ISRO
Applications	Earth observation
Specifications
Bus	I-2K [1]
Launch mass	2268 kg [2][3]
Power	2280 watts[1]
Equipment	Ritchey-Chrétien telescope[4] Multispectral array detectors Steerable antenna
Regime	Geostationary orbit
Design life	7 years (planned)
Production
Status	Planned
Launched	1
Operational	0
Failed	1
Lost	0
Maiden launch	12 August 2021, 00:13 UTC[5][6][7][8]

The first satellite; EOS-3 (aka GISAT-1) was launched on 12 August 2021 but failed to reach orbit as cryogenic upper stage of GSLV could not ignite. EOS-3 was supposed to fulfil civilian applications.^[12]

The second satellite, EOS-5 (aka GISAT-2) will be acquired by Indian Navy and will differ slightly in capabilities compared to EOS-03 (aka GISAT-1).^[13][12][14]

Payload

The GISAT-1 in deployed configuration.

GISATs will image in multi-spectral and hyper-spectral bands to provide near real-time pictures of large areas of the country, under cloud-free conditions, at frequent intervals which is, selected field image in every 5 minutes and entire Indian landmass image every 30 minutes at 42 m spatial resolution.^[1]

Features of GISAT-1 are:

• 700 mm Ritchey–Chrétien telescope based on the design of Cartosat-2A
• Array detectors in Visible and Near-InfraRed (VNIR), and Short Wave-InfraRed (SWIR) bands
• Electronically steerable, phased array antenna
• High agility, jitter-free platform

Imaging capabilities of GISAT-1 ^[1]

Band	Channels	Ground Resolution(m)	Range(μm)
Multispectral (VNIR)	6	42	0.45 – 0.875
Hyperspectral (VNIR)	158	318	0.375 – 1.0
Hyperspectral (SWIR)	256	191	0.9 – 2.5

Launch schedule

Designation	COSPAR ID	NORAD ID	Power	Launch				Orbital parameters		Remarks
				Launch date, Time (UTC)	Launch mass	Launch vehicle	Launch site	Orbit	Longitude
EOS-03 (GISAT-1)	Failed to orbit[15]		2280 watts	12 August 2021, 00:13 UTC	2268 kg	GSLV-F10	SDSC	GTO	85.5° East (planned)	[16][17][18][19][20][21][3][22][23][8]
EOS-05 (GISAT-2)	TBD	TBD	2280 watts	2025 (planned)	2268 kg	GSLV	SDSC	GTO		[24][25][23][26]

See also

• Spaceflight portal
• India portal

• NAVIC
• INSAT
• GSAT
• Cartosat
• RISAT