Gadsup language

"Akuna" redirects here. For the video game character Bode Akuna, see Star Wars Jedi: Survivor.

Gadsup is a Kainantu language spoken by the people of the same name in Papua New Guinea.

Gadsup
Native to	Papua New Guinea
Region	Eastern Highlands Province
Ethnicity	Gadsup
Native speakers	(25,000 cited 1996 – 2000 census)[1]
Language family	Trans–New Guinea Kainantu–Goroka Kainantu Gauwa Gadsup
Dialects	Oyana, Akuna, Ontenu[2]
Language codes
ISO 639-3	gaj – inclusive code Individual code: ont – Ontenu village
Glottolog	gads1258

Phonology

Consonants

Ontena Gadsup's consonants^[3][4]

	Bilabial	Alveolar	Velar	Glottal
Group 1	ɸ, β	s, ɾ	x
Group 2	m	n	j	ʔ

• /ɸ, β, s, ɾ, x/ become plosives [p, b, t, d, k] when preceded by /N, ʔ/, but initially and medially they are [/ɸ, β, s, ɾ, x, ɾ].^[3]

Akuna Gadsup's consonants^[3]

	Bilabial	Alveolar	Velar	Glottal
Group 1	p	t, d	k
Group 2	m, β	n	j	ʔ

The phonology of Akuna Gadsup is similar to Ontena Gadsup, except voiceless plosives don't lenite initially, but they do medially.^[3]

Vowels

[4]	Front	Central	Back
High	i		u
Mid	e	ɐ	o
Low		a

/ɐ/ can also be heard as [ʌ̈].^[5]