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Gliese 414

Binary star system in the constellation Ursa Major From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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Gliese 414, also known as GJ 414, is a binary system made up of an orange dwarf and a red dwarf, located about 39 light years from Earth, in the constellation Ursa Major.[6][note 1] With an apparent magnitude of 8.31, it is not visible to the naked eye.[4][6] The primary component of the system has two known exoplanets.[7]

Quick facts Observation data Epoch J2000 Equinox J2000, Apparent magnitude (V) ...
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Characteristics

The main component of the system, Gliese 414 A, is a relatively active orange dwarf, about 68% the size of the Sun and 65% its mass.[2] Its age is estimated at 12.4 billion years, about two and a half times the age of the Solar System.[2] It is orbited by two known exoplanets, called Gliese 414 Ab and Gliese 414 Ac.

The secondary component, Gliese 414 B, is a red dwarf of type M2V, that is 55% the size of the Sun and 54% its mass.[2] Unlike its companion star, Gliese 414 B is not orbited by any known planets.[6]

The binary star system is located in the northern hemisphere, approximately 38.8 light years from Earth, in the direction of the constellation Ursa Major.[4][note 1] The closest star to the star system is CW Ursae Majoris, at a distance of 5.3 light-years.[6]

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Planetary system

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The primary star, Gliese 414 A, is orbited by two exoplanets.[2] They were discovered in 2020 by analyzing radial velocity data from Keck's HIRES instrument and the Automated Planet Finder at Lick Observatory, as well as photometric data from KELT.[7][8]

The innermost planet, Gliese 414 Ab, orbits its star at an average distance of 0.23 astronomical units, making it close to the optimistic habitable zone.[2] Its orbit is eccentric (e = 0.45), which causes the distance from its star to vary from 0.13 to 0.34 AU, and its equilibrium temperature is calculated at 36 °C.[2] With a minimum mass of 7.6 M🜨, it is likely to have a significant volatile-rich envelope, thus being a poor candidate for habitability.[2][8]

The outermost planet, Gliese 414 Ac, is a super-Neptune that orbits its star at a greater distance of 1.4 astronomical units, which makes it a frigid planet, having an equilibrium temperature of about -150 °C.[2] It is a good candidate for future direct imaging missions.[2][7][8]

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See also

Notes and references

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