Gliquidone

Gliquidone (INN, sold under the trade name Glurenorm) is an anti-diabetic medication in the sulfonylurea class.^[1] It is classified as a second-generation sulfonylurea. It is used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2. It is marketed by the pharmaceutical company Boehringer Ingelheim (Germany).

Gliquidone

Clinical data
Trade names	Glurenorm
AHFS/Drugs.com	International Drug Names
Pregnancy category	C
Routes of administration	Oral (tablets)
ATC code	A10BB08 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	UK: POM (Prescription only) In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	High (Tmax = 2–3 hours)
Metabolism	Extensive hepatic
Onset of action	1–1.5 hours
Excretion	Biliary (95%), renal (5%)
Identifiers
IUPAC name 1-cyclohexyl-3-[4-[2-(7-methoxy-4,4-dimethyl-1,3-dioxoisoquinolin-2-yl)ethyl]phenyl]sulfonylurea
CAS Number	33342-05-1
PubChem CID	91610
DrugBank	DB01251 Y
ChemSpider	82719 Y
UNII	C7C2QDD75P
KEGG	D02430 Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL383634 Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID4023096
ECHA InfoCard	100.046.770
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C27H33N3O6S
Molar mass	527.64 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES O=C(NC1CCCCC1)NS(=O)(=O)c2ccc(cc2)CCN4C(=O)c3c(ccc(OC)c3)C(C4=O)(C)C
InChI InChI=1S/C27H33N3O6S/c1-27(2)23-14-11-20(36-3)17-22(23)24(31)30(25(27)32)16-15-18-9-12-21(13-10-18)37(34,35)29-26(33)28-19-7-5-4-6-8-19/h9-14,17,19H,4-8,15-16H2,1-3H3,(H2,28,29,33) Y Key:LLJFMFZYVVLQKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
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Contraindications

• Allergy to sulfonylureas or sulfonamides
• Diabetes mellitus type 1
• Diabetic ketoacidosis
• Patients that underwent removal of the pancreas
• Acute porphyria
• Severe liver disease accompanying with liver insufficiency
• Several conditions (e.g., infectious diseases or major surgical intervention), when insulin administration is required
• Pregnancy or breastfeeding^[2]

Pharmacokinetics

Gliquidone is fully metabolized by the liver. Its metabolites are excreted virtually completely with bile (even with long-term administration), thus allowing the use of medication in diabetic patients with kidney disease and diabetic nephropathy.^[2]