Glyceollin

Glyceollins are a family of prenylated pterocarpans found in ineffective types of nodule in soybean in response to symbiotic infection.^[1]

It possesses two chiral centers and can be asymmetrically synthesized chemically at a gram level scale.^[2]

Molecules found in the family are :

• Glyceollin I
• Glyceollin II
• Glyceollin III
• Glyceollin IV

Effects

They are phytoalexins^[3] with an antiestrogenic activity.^[4] Lygin et al. 2013^[5] finds antifungal activity against Phytophthora sojae and Macrophomina phaseolina, and Kim et al. 2010 against Aspergillus sojae.^[3] Kaplan et al. 1980 finds nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita.^[3] Parniske et al. 1991 finds an antibacterial effect.^[3] Glyceollin is a vital part of soybean immunity.^[3]

Metabolism

Lygin et al. 2013^[5] find that daidzein is a precursor.^[3] Glyceollin is a product of the phenylpropanoid pathway.^[3] Glycinol is the direct precursor of glyceollins through the action of a prenyltransferase. Glyceollin synthase then transforms those prenylated precursors into glyceollins.

Inhibitors

Some pathogens produce inhibitors.^[3] Ziegler & Pontzen 1982 find Phytophthora megasperma produces an extracellular invertase, a mannanglycoprotein (a glycoprotein of mannan), which prevents glyceollin accumulation not by its enzymatic action but due to an effect of its carbohydrate moiety.^[3]