Sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 2

Sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 2, also known as glycine transporter 2 (GlyT2), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC6A5 gene.^[5]

SLC6A5
Identifiers
Aliases	SLC6A5, GLYT-2, GLYT2, HKPX3, NET1, Glycine transporter 2, solute carrier family 6 member 5
External IDs	OMIM: 604159; MGI: 105090; HomoloGene: 37901; GeneCards: SLC6A5; OMA:SLC6A5 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 11 (human)[1] Band 11p15.1 Start 20,599,594 bp[1] End 20,659,285 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 7 (mouse)[2] Band 7|7 B4 Start 49,559,894 bp[2] End 49,613,604 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in secondary oocyte testicle superior vestibular nucleus metencephalon Cerebellum spinal cord cerebellar cortex cerebellar hemisphere right hemisphere of cerebellum left testis Top expressed in medial vestibular nucleus pontine nuclei spinal cord Gray matter of spinal cord anterior horn of spinal cord deep cerebellar nuclei lumbar subsegment of spinal cord posterior horn of spinal cord gray matter layer of cerebellum neural layer of retina More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity symporter activity glycine:sodium symporter activity metal ion binding glycine transmembrane transporter activity Cellular component integral component of membrane plasma membrane integral component of plasma membrane membrane glycinergic synapse integral component of presynaptic membrane Biological process synaptic transmission, glycinergic neurotransmitter transport chemical synaptic transmission glycine transport glycine import across plasma membrane Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 9152 104245 Ensembl ENSG00000165970 ENSMUSG00000039728 UniProt Q9Y345 Q761V0 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_004211 NM_001318369 NM_001146013 NM_148931 RefSeq (protein) NP_001305298 NP_004202 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 11: 20.6 – 20.66 Mb Chr 7: 49.56 – 49.61 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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The glycine transporter 2 is a membrane protein which recaptures glycine, a major inhibitory transmitter in the spinal cord and brainstem. GlyT2 is a specific marker of glycinergic neurons and a member of the Na⁺ and Cl⁻-coupled transporter family SLC6. Glycine uptake mediated by GlyT2 is electrogenic, coupled to three Na⁺ and one Cl⁻ (i.e. two positive charges per glycine). In humans, GlyT2 is encoded by the SLC6A5 gene. Inactivation of GlyT2 in knockout mice is lethal during the second post-natal week as the absence of GlyT2 disrupts inhibitory transmission by reducing glycine release. Mutations in SLC6A5 gene are responsible for a presynaptic form of hyperekplexia, a genetic disease causing increased startle reflex. GlyT2 main physiological role is to recapture glycine released in the synaptic cleft and to maintain high glycine concentration in the presynaptic neuron. Therefore, chronic inhibition of GlyT2 will deplete intracellular storage of glycine and limit its accumulation in synaptic vesicles.^[5][6]

Inhibitors

• Amoxapine
• Ethanol
• N-Arachidonylglycine (NAGly)
• Opiranserin (VVZ-149)
• ORG-25543
• VVZ-368

See also

• Sodium:neurotransmitter symporter
• Solute carrier family