HMS Orpheus (S11)

For other ships with the same name, see HMS Orpheus.

HMS Orpheus was an Oberon-class submarine of the Royal Navy.

HMS Orpheus
History
United Kingdom
Name	HMS Orpheus
Builder	Vickers, Barrow-in-Furness
Laid down	16 April 1959
Launched	17 November 1959
Commissioned	25 November 1960
Identification	Pennant number: S11
Fate	Scrapped, 1994
General characteristics as designed
Class and type	Oberon-class submarine
Displacement	1,610 tons standard 2,030 tons full load surfaced 2,410 tons full load submerged
Length	241 feet (73 m) between perpendiculars 295.2 feet (90.0 m) length overall
Beam	26.5 feet (8.1 m)
Draught	18 feet (5.5 m)
Propulsion	2 × Admiralty Standard Range 16 VMS diesel generators 2 × 3,000 shaft horsepower (2,200 kW) electric motors 2 shafts
Speed	17 knots (31 km/h; 20 mph) submerged 12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph) surfaced
Complement	68
Sensors and processing systems	Type 186 and Type 187 sonars I-band surface search radar
Armament	8 × 21-inch (530 mm) torpedo tubes (6 forward, 2 aft) 24 torpedoes

Design and construction

Main article: Oberon-class submarine

The Oberon class was a direct follow on of the Porpoise-class, with the same dimensions and external design, but updates to equipment and internal fittings, and a higher grade of steel used for fabrication of the pressure hull.^[1]

As designed for British service, the Oberon-class submarines were 241 feet (73 m) in length between perpendiculars and 295.2 feet (90.0 m) in length overall, with a beam of 26.5 feet (8.1 m), and a draught of 18 feet (5.5 m).^[2] Displacement was 1,610 tons standard, 2,030 tons full load when surfaced, and 2,410 tons full load when submerged.^[2] Propulsion machinery consisted of 2 Admiralty Standard Range 16 VMS diesel generators, and two 3,000 shaft horsepower (2,200 kW) electric motors, each driving a 7-foot diameter (2.1 m) 3-bladed propeller at up to 400 rpm.^[2] Top speed was 17 knots (31 km/h; 20 mph) when submerged, and 12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph) on the surface.^[2] Eight 21-inch (530 mm) diameter torpedo tubes were fitted (six facing forward, two aft), with a total payload of 24 torpedoes.^[2] The boats were fitted with Type 186 and Type 187 sonars, and an I-band surface search radar.^[2] The standard complement was 68: 6 officers, 62 sailors.^[2] Unlike other members of the class, which had a fin made from glass fibre-reinforced plastic, the fin of Orpheus was made of aluminium alloy.^[2]

Orpheus was laid down by Vickers-Armstrongs on 16 April 1959, and launched on 17 November 1959.^[2] The boat was commissioned into the Royal Navy on 25 November 1960.^[2]

Operational history

In mid-1964, Orpheus joined the 3rd Submarine Flotilla based at Faslane. In June 1965 she carried out submarine escape trials off Malta, with a record 500 feet (150 m) free ascent made. Other duties including training Canadian and Australian crews for Oberon-class submarines that were being built for those countries.^[3] On 15 February 1967 Orpheus collided with sister-ship Opportune in poor weather and darkness off Portsmouth Harbour. Orpheus's commanding officer was reprimanded at the resultant court martial.^[4]

Orpheus attended the 1977 Silver Jubilee Fleet Review off Spithead when she was part of the Submarine Flotilla.^[5]

Decommissioning and fate

She was paid off in 1987; subsequently she served as the 'alongside trainer' at the RN Submarine School, HMS Dolphin, where she provided new recruits with a hands-on training environment.^[6] She was broken up in 1994.