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Hainanese Transliteration Scheme
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The Hainanese Transliteration Scheme (Chinese: 海南話拼音方案) is a romanization scheme developed by the Guangdong Provincial Education Department in September 1960 as one of four systems collectively referred to as Guangdong Romanization. The scheme describes the Wenchang dialect spoken in Wenchang, Hainan which is considered to be the prestige dialect of Hainanese. At the time of the scheme's creation, Hainan was part of Guangdong, until it was separated to form its own province in 1988. This system utilises the Latin alphabet with superscript numbers to represent tone.
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System
Letters
This system uses the Latin alphabet, excluding the letters ⟨c⟩, ⟨f⟩, ⟨j⟩, ⟨k⟩, ⟨q⟩, ⟨r⟩, ⟨t⟩, ⟨w⟩ and ⟨x⟩.
Initials
Finals
| i [i] 医 | u [u] 呜 | |
| a [a] 亚 | ia [ia] 也 | ua [ua] 换 |
| o [o] 哦 | io [iɔ] 喲 | |
| e [ɛ] 下 | ue [ue] 话 | |
| ai [ai] 哀 | uai [uai] 坏 | |
| oi [ɔi] 鞋 | ui [ui] 貴 | |
| ao [au] 凹 | iao [iau] 妖 | |
| ou [ɔu] 歐 | iu [iu] 柚 | |
| am [am] 暗 | iam [iam] 厌 | |
| im [im] 音 | ||
| an [an] 安 | uan [uan] 弯 | |
| in [in] 烟 | un [un] 温 | |
| ang [aŋ] 红 | iang [iaŋ] 央 | uang [uaŋ] 汪 |
| eng [eŋ] 英 | ||
| ong [ɔŋ] 翁 | iong [iɔŋ] (匈) | |
| ab [ap] 盒 | iab [iap] (协) | |
| ib [ip] 邑 | ||
| ad [at] 遏 | uad [uat] 挖 | |
| id [it] 乙 | ud [ut] 核 | |
| ag [ak] (鹤) | iag [iak] (菊) | uag [uak] (廓) |
| eg [ek] 益 | ||
| og [ok] 喔 | iog [iok] 育 | |
Tones
| Tone number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Example | 诗 di1 | 时 di2 | 死 di3 | 四 di4 | 是 di5 | 视 di6 | 失 did7 | 实 did8 |
| Tone contour | ˨˦ (24) | ˨˩ (21) | ˨˩˩ (211) | ˧˥ (35) | ˧ (33) | ˥ (5) | ˧ (3) | ˥ (55) |
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See also
References
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