Hanunoo language

Hanunoo, or Hanunó'o (IPA: [hanunuʔɔ]), is a language spoken by Mangyans in the island of Mindoro, Philippines.

Hanunoo
Hanunó'o
ᜱᜨᜳᜨᜳᜢ
Native to	Philippines
Region	Mimaropa
Native speakers	(13,000 cited 2000)[1]
Language family	Austronesian Malayo-Polynesian Philippine Greater Central Philippine South Mangyan Hanunoo
Writing system	Hanunuo
Language codes
ISO 639-3	hnn
Glottolog	hanu1241

It is written in the Hanunoo script.

Phonology

Consonants

Hanunoo has 16 consonant phonemes.

Consonants^[2]

		Labial	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Plosive	voiceless	p ⟨p⟩	t ⟨t⟩		k ⟨k⟩	ʔ[a]
	voiced	b ⟨b⟩	d ⟨d⟩		ɡ ⟨g⟩
Nasal		m ⟨m⟩	n ⟨n⟩		ŋ ⟨ng⟩
Fricative			s ⟨s⟩			h ⟨h⟩
Trill			r ⟨r⟩
Lateral			l ⟨l⟩
Approximant		w ⟨w⟩		j ⟨y⟩

1. Hanunoo does not write glottal stops.

Vowels

Vowels^[2]

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i ⟨i⟩		u ⟨u⟩
Mid		(ə)
Open		a ⟨a⟩

• /a i/ can be heard as [ə ɪ] within closed syllables.
• /u/ can be heard as [o] within word-final syllables.
• /i/ can be heard as an open-mid [ɛ] among some speakers in certain words.^[3]

Diphthongs

Hanunoo also has four diphthongs: /ai̯/, /au̯/, /iu̯/, and /ui̯/.^[4]

Distribution

Hanunoo is spoken in the following locations according to Barbian (1977):^[5]

• Barrio Tugtugin, San Jose, Occidental Mindoro
• Naluak, Magsaysay, Occidental Mindoro (on the upper Caguray River)
• Bamban, Magsaysay, Occidental Mindoro (also with Ratagnon and Bisayan residents)
• Barrio Panaytayan, Mansalay, Oriental Mindoro (about 5 km (3.1 mi) from the highway in the mountains southwest of Mansalay)