Heroini

Heroini is a fish tribe from the Cichlasomatinae subfamily in the family Cichlidae (cichlids). All cichlids native to the Greater Antilles, United States (southern Texas), Mexico and northern Central America are members of this tribe. It also includes most cichlid species in southern Central America (where the only non-Heroini cichlids are Andinoacara and Geophagus) and several species from South America (where several other tribes exist). A large percentage of its species were formerly placed in the genus Cichlasoma (itself now placed in the tribe Cichlasomatini) but have since been moved to other genera.

Heroini Temporal range: 48.6–0 Ma[1][2] Early Eocene–present PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Parachromis managuensis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Cichliformes
Family:	Cichlidae
Subfamily:	Cichlinae
Tribe:	Heroini S. O. Kullander, 1998

In other classifications, the tribe Heroini is placed in the subfamily Cichlinae.^[3]

Genera

As of 2024^[update], this tribe includes 46 valid genera and approximately 184 species:^[4]

• Amatitlania (Schmitter-Soto, 2007)
• Amphilophus (Agassiz, 1859)
• Archocentrus (Gill, 1877)
• Astatheros (Pellegrin, 1904)
• Australoheros (Říčan & Kullander, 2006)
• Caquetaia (Fowler, 1945)
• Chiapaheros (McMahan & Piller, 2015)^[5]
• Chocoheros (Říčan & Piálek, 2016)
• Chortiheros (Říčan & Piálek, 2016)
• Chuco (Fernández-Yépez, 1969)
• Cincelichthys (McMahan & Piller, 2015)^[5]
• Cribroheros (Říčan & Piálek, 2016)
• Cryptoheros (Allgayer, 2001)
• Darienheros (Říčan & Novák, 2016)
• Herichthys (Baird & Girard, 1854)
• Heroina (Kullander, 1996)
• Heros (Heckel, 1840)
• Herotilapia (Pellegrin, 1904)^[5]
• Hoplarchus (Kaup, 1860)
• Hypselecara (Kullander, 1986)
• Hypsophrys (Agassiz, 1859)
• Isthmoheros (Meek & Hildebrand, 1913)
• Kronoheros (Říčan & Piálek, 2016)
• Maskaheros (McMahan & Piller, 2015)^[5]
• Mayaheros (Říčan & Piálek, 2016)
• Mesoheros (McMahan & Chakrabarty, 2015)^[5]
• Mesonauta (Günther, 1867)
• Nandopsis (Gill, 1862)
• Neetroplus (Günther, 1867)
• Oscura (McMahan & Chakrabarty, 2015)^[5]
• Panamius (Schmitter-Soto, 2007)
• Parachromis (Agassiz, 1859)
• Paraneetroplus (Regan, 1905)
• Petenia (Günther, 1862)
• Pterophyllum (Heckel, 1840)
• Rheoheros (McMahan & Matamoros, 2015)^[5]
• Rocio (Schmitter-Soto, 2007)
• Symphysodon (Heckel, 1840)
• Talamancaheros (Říčan & Novák, 2016)
• Theraps (Günther, 1862)
• Thorichthys (Meek, 1904)
• Tomocichla (Regan, 1908)
• Trichromis (McMahan & Chakrabarty, 2015)^[5]
• Uaru (Heckel, 1840)
• Vieja (Fernández-Yépez, 1969)^[5]
• Wajpamheros (Říčan & Piálek, 2016)

Genera of disputed validity

• Kihnichthys (McMahan & Matamoros, 2015)^[5] – Considered by Říčan & Piálek (2016)^[4] and Azas (2020)^[6] to be a junior synonym of Cincelichthys.
• Nosferatu (De la Maza-Benignos et. al, 2015)^[7] – Considered by Říčan & Piálek (2016)^[4] and FishBase^[8] to be an invalid synonym of Herichthys.