Hildenbrandiales

Hildenbrandiales is an order of crustose forms red alga which bear conceptacles^[2] and produce secondary pit-connections.^[3] They reproduce by vegetative gemmae^[4] as well as tetrasporangia, which are produced inside the conceptacles. The way in which the tetraspores are produced is unusual enough to justify the formation of this distinct order.^[2] Some members of the order are known from freshwater rivers as well.^[5]

Hildenbrandiales
Hildenbrandia rivularis
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Clade:	Archaeplastida
Division:	Rhodophyta
Class:	Florideophyceae
Subclass:	Hildenbrandiophycidae G.W.Saunders & Hommersand
Order:	Hildenbrandiales Pueschel & Cole, 1982
Family:	Hildenbrandiaceae Rabenhorst, 1868
Genera[1]
Apophlaea Hildenbrandia Rhodytapium

Systematics

Hildenbradiales are difficult to discriminate on morphological grounds; tetrasporangia morphology is the only vaguely reliable character, but molecular techniques have indicated a monophyletic Apophlaea within a paraphyletic Hildenbrandia, with many Hildenbrandia species being recognized as non-monophyletic.^[1]