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Hydrazinium azide
Chemical compound From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Hydrazinium azide or hydrazine azide is a chemical compound with formula H
5N
5 or [N
2H+
5][N−
3]. It is a salt of the hydrazinium cation N
2H+
5 and the azide anion N−
3. It can be seen as a derivative of hydrazine N
2H
4 and hydrazoic acid HN
3. It is an unstable solid.
The compound is of scientific interest because of its high nitrogen content (93% nitrogen by weight) and explosive properties.[1]
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Structure
The solid undergoes structural phase transition to a different crystalline arrangement at a pressure of 13 GPa.[2]
Chemistry
Hydrazinium azide decomposes explosively into hydrazine, ammonia, and nitrogen gas:[3]
- 12 N
5H
5 → 3 N
2H
4 + 16 NH
3 + 19 N
2
Crystallization with an equimolar amount hydrazine yields the solid hydrazinium azide hydrazinate, [N
2H+
5][N−
3]·[N
2H
4], or N
7H
9, as monoclinic crystals. This compound is less hygroscopic and less volatile than pure hydrazinium azide. It decomposes explosively into nitrogen, hydrogen, and ammonia.[4]
At pressure of 40 GPa, hydrazinium azide decomposes yielding a linear nitrogen allotrope N
8 or N≡−−N=N−−≡N, that decomposes to ε-N2 below 25 GPa.[2]
Reaction of hydrazinium azide with sulfuric acid gives quantitative yields of pure hydrazinediium sulfate and hydrazoic acid:[5]
- [N
2H+
5][N−
3] + H2SO4 → [N
2H2+
6][SO2−
4] + HN3
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See also
- Ammonium azide, [NH+
4][N−
3]
References
Further reading
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