Hydromorphinol

Hydromorphinol (RAM-320, 14-hydroxydihydromorphine),^[2] is an opiate analogue that is a derivative of morphine, where the 14-position has been hydroxylated and the 7,8- double bond saturated.^[3] It has similar effects to morphine such as sedation, analgesia and respiratory depression, but is twice as potent as morphine^[2] and has a steeper dose-response curve and longer half-life.^[4] It is used in medicine as the bitartrate salt (free base conversion ratio 0.643, molecular weight 471.5) and hydrochloride (free base conversion ratio 0.770, molecular weight 393.9)

Hydromorphinol

Clinical data
Trade names	Numorphan
Other names	Hydromorphinol, 14-hydroxy-7,8-dihydromorphine, RAM-320
ATC code	none
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S8 (Controlled drug) BR: Class A1 (Narcotic drugs)[1] CA: Schedule I DE: Anlage I (Authorized scientific use only) US: Schedule I
Identifiers
IUPAC name (5α,6α)-3,6,14-Trihydroxy-4,5-epoxy-17-methylmorphinan
CAS Number	2183-56-4 Y 2190-27-4
PubChem CID	5463858
DrugBank	DB01512 Y
ChemSpider	4576407 N
UNII	1O00P9X5C1
KEGG	D12686 Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1951706 N
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID30176242
ECHA InfoCard	100.016.878
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C17H21NO4
Molar mass	303.358 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES CN1CC[C@]23[C@@H]4[C@H](CC[C@]2([C@H]1CC5=C3C(=C(C=C5)O)O4)O)O
InChI InChI=1S/C17H21NO4/c1-18-7-6-16-13-9-2-3-10(19)14(13)22-15(16)11(20)4-5-17(16,21)12(18)8-9/h2-3,11-12,15,19-21H,4-8H2,1H3/t11-,12+,15-,16-,17+/m0/s1 N Key:AABLHGPVOULICI-BRJGLHKUSA-N N
NY (what is this?)  (verify)

Hydromorphinol has also been discovered to occur naturally in trace amounts within opium, although this is a very rare occurrence.^[5]

It is also called α-oxymorphol, and oxymorphol is itself a mixture of hydromorphinol and 4,5α-epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3,6β,14-triol (β-oxymorphol) which is different at position 6 on the morphine carbon skeleton.

Hydromorphinol was developed in Austria in 1932. In the United States, it was never available and is classified as a Schedule I drug with a DEA ACSCN of 9301. The salts in use are the bitartrate (free base conversion ratio 0.643) and hydrochloride (0.770). The 2014, national aggregate manufacturing quota was 2 grams, unchanged from prior years.^[6]

Hydromorphinol is metabolized mainly in the liver in the same fashion as many other opioids and is itself a minor active metabolite of 14-hydroxydihydrocodeine, an uncommonly used opiate (but is therefore also an active metabolite of a first-order active metabolite of oxycodone).

It is distributed under the trade name Numorphan in some countries. It is controlled under the Single Convention On Narcotic Drugs.

See also

• Oxymorphol
• N-Phenethylhydromorphinol (RAM-378)