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Iberia Column
Anarchist militia column during the Spanish Civil War From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Iberia Column (Spanish: Columna Iberia was a column of the confederal militias that fought in the Spanish Civil War. It was formed in Alacant and posted on the front lines in the province of Teruel. It joined the Torres-Benedito Column, within which it supported the militarisation of the militias and was integrated into the 81st Mixed Brigade of the Spanish Republican Army.
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Formation
The Iberia Column was established in September 1936, made up of Valencian members of the Iberian Anarchist Federation (FAI)[1] and members of the Confederación Nacional del Trabajo from Alacant.[2] It was organised into centurias that acted under the direction of a war committee, which included anarchists such as Vicente Sanchís, Modesto Mameli and José Padilla.[1] It had its own supply and healthcare services, as well as a field hospital with 72 beds for the wounded.[1]
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Teruel front
The column marched to the Teruel front,[3] where it remained throughout its existence.[4] There it was integrated into the Eixea-Uribes Column, itself composed of militants of the Unified Socialist Youth.[2] It soon left that column and joined the Torres-Benedito Column,[3] led by Jesús Velasco Echave.[4] It did not participate in the Republican offensive on Teruel in December 1936.[1]
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Militarisation
Following the failed attack on Teruel, in February 1937, a delegate from the Iberia Column attended a plenum of the confederal militias, where they discussed the proposal for the militarisation of the militias. Their delegate announced that the Column would submit to a single command and military discipline, and promised to shoot any deserters, but refused to accept the authority of officers that commanded from the rear guard.[5] The Iberia Column delegate also called for the militias themselves to conscript any apolitical people who remained inactive in Republican territory.[6] In the spring of 1937 the column was militarised without opposition from its members.[1] Together with the Torres-Benedito Column, it was integrated into the 81st Mixed Brigade,[7] which formed part of the 41st Division.[8]
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References
Bibliography
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