Ideain

Ideain, the cyanidin 3-O-galactoside, is an anthocyanin, a type of plant pigment.

Ideain

Names
IUPAC name (2S,4S,5R)-2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromenylium-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol;chloride
Other names Cyanidin 3-O-galactoside
Identifiers
CAS Number	27661-36-5 Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	390306
KEGG	C08647
PubChem CID	46783719
UNII	FC7L938Y12 Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID60926212 DTXSID80950312, DTXSID60926212
SMILES C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C=C3C(=CC(=CC3=[O+]2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O.[Cl-]
Properties
Chemical formula	C21H21ClO11 (chloride), C21H21O11+ (cation)
Molar mass	484.83 g/mol (chloride), 449.38 g/mol (cation)
UV-vis (λmax)	528 nm (in methanol)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Natural occurrences

Ideain is the main anthocyanin in red-skinned^[1] or red-fleshed (for example Weirouge)^[2] apple varieties. It is also found in Chinese hawthorn fruits (Crataegus spp.).^[3] It is also the pigment in the copper beech (cultivar of Fagus sylvatica), that was identified in 1932.^[4]

While it is only one in the many anthocyanins present in bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus)^[5] and cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon),^[6] it is the main anthocyanin in lingonberries (Vaccinium vitis-idaea).^[7]

Quintinia serrata, the tawheowheo, a species of evergreen trees endemic to New Zealand, has different patterns of anthocyanins (cyanidin 3-O-glucoside and cyanidin 3-O-galactoside) in its leaves to protect the shade-adapted chloroplasts from direct sun light.^[8]