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Ischaemum byrone
Species of grass From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Ischaemum byrone, commonly known as Hilo murainagrass or Hilo ischaemum, is a species of grass native to the Pacific Islands, including the Cook Islands, Fiji, Hawaiian Islands, New Caledonia, Niue, Society Islands, Tonga, Tubuai Islands, and Wallis and Futuna.[2] In Hawaii it is found on the islands of Kauai, Maui, Molokai, and Hawaii but has unfortunately been extirpated from Oahu, where it was once known to grow.[1] There are perhaps 1,000 to 3,000 individual plants remaining in total.[1]
This grass is perennial, spreading via stolons, with stems reaching up to 80 centimetres (31 in) in maximum height.[1] It usually grows at the coastline, often in cracks in the lava cliffs.[3]
On the island of Hawaii, there are at least four populations and perhaps more scattered occurrences. At least one large occurrence has been recently destroyed by a lava flow at Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park.[4] There are at least five occurrences on Kauai and six on Maui with up to several thousand plants existing.[4] On Molokai, a 1994 count estimated about 1000 individuals.[4]
Threats to this species include volcanism, development, trampling, non-native plants, fire, and off-road vehicles.[1]
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