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Isotopes of dysprosium

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Naturally occurring dysprosium (66Dy) is composed of 7 stable isotopes, 156Dy, 158Dy, 160Dy, 161Dy, 162Dy, 163Dy and 164Dy, with 164Dy being the most abundant (28.26% natural abundance). Twenty-nine radioisotopes have been characterized, with the most stable being 154Dy with a half-life of 1.4 million years, 159Dy with a half-life of 144.4 days, and 166Dy with a half-life of 81.6 hours. All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have half-lives that are less than 10 hours, and the majority of these have half-lives that are less than 30 seconds. This element also has 12 meta states, with the most stable being 165mDy (half-life 1.257 minutes), 147mDy (half-life 55.7 seconds) and 145mDy (half-life 13.6 seconds).

Quick facts Main isotopes, Decay ...

The primary decay mode before the most abundant stable isotope, 164Dy, is electron capture to isotopes of terbium, and after beta decay to those of holmium. Dysprosium is the heaviest element to have isotopes that are theoretically stable (163, 164, rather than only ones that are observationally stable and predicted to be radioactive. 164Dy has a surprisingly large thermal neutron absorption and the product isotope 165Dy has found medical use (see below).

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List of isotopes

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More information Nuclide, Z ...
  1. [n 1]
    mDy – Excited nuclear isomer.
  2. [n 2]
    ( ) – Uncertainty (1σ) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.
  3. [n 3]
    # – Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).
  4. [n 4]
    # – Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).
  5. [n 5]
    Modes of decay:
    EC:Electron capture
    IT:Isomeric transition
    p:Proton emission
  6. [n 6]
    Bold symbol as daughter – Daughter product is stable.
  7. [n 7]
    ( ) spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.
  8. [n 8]
    Theorized to also undergo β+β+ decay to 154Gd
  9. [n 9]
    Believed to undergo α decay to 152Gd or β+β+ decay to 156Gd with a half-life over 1018 years
  10. [N 10]
    Believed to undergo α decay to 154Gd or β+β+ decay to 158Gd
  11. [N 11]
    Believed to undergo α decay to 156Gd
  12. [N 12]
    Fission product
  13. [N 13]
    Believed to undergo α decay to 157Gd
  14. [N 14]
    Believed to undergo α decay to 158Gd
  15. [N 15]
    Can undergo bound-state β− decay to 163Ho66+ with a half-life of 47 days when fully ionized[7]
  16. [N 16]
    Heaviest theoretically stable nuclide
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Dysprosium-165

The radioactive isotope 165Dy, with a half-life of 2.332 hours, has radiopharmaceutical uses in radiation synovectomy of the knee. It had been previously performed with colloidal-sized particles containing longer-lived isotopes such as 198Au and 90Y. The major problem with the usage of those isotopes was radiation leakage out of the knee. 165Dy, with its shorter half-life and thus shorter period of potential radiation leakage, is more suitable for the procedure.[8]

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See also

Daughter products other than dysprosium

References

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