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Isotopes of fermium
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Fermium (100Fm) is a synthetic element, and thus a standard atomic weight cannot be given. Like all artificial elements, it has no stable isotopes. The first isotope to be discovered (in nuclear fallout from the Ivy Mike H-bomb test) was 255Fm in 1952. 250Fm was independently synthesized (to establish priority if the former result had to remain classified) shortly after the discovery of 255Fm.
There are 20 known radioisotopes ranging in atomic mass from 241Fm to 260Fm (260Fm is unconfirmed), and 5 nuclear isomers. The longest-lived isotope is 257Fm with a half-life of 100.5 days, and the longest-lived isomer is 247mFm with a half-life of 5.1 seconds.
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List of isotopes
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- mFm – Excited nuclear isomer.
- ( ) – Uncertainty (1σ) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.
- # – Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).
- Modes of decay:
EC: Electron capture IT: Isomeric transition SF: Spontaneous fission - ( ) spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.
- # – Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).
- Theoretically capable of β+β+ decay to 252Cf
- Heaviest nuclide produced via neutron capture
- Discovery of this isotope is unconfirmed
- Not directly synthesized, occurs as decay product of 260Md
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Chronology of isotope discovery
260Fm was not confirmed in 1997.
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References
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