Ispra

Ispra is a comune and small town on the eastern coast of Lake Maggiore, in the province of Varese (Lombardy, northern Italy).

Ispra
Comune
Comune di Ispra
Lake Maggiore seen from Ispra.
Coat of arms
Ispra Location of Ispra in Italy Show map of Italy Ispra Ispra (Lombardy) Show map of Lombardy
Coordinates: 45°48′50″N 08°36′43″E
Country	Italy
Region	Lombardy
Province	Varese (VA)
Frazioni	Barza, Cascine, Quassa
Government
• Mayor	Melissa De Santis
Area [1]
• Total	15 km2 (5.8 sq mi)
Elevation	220 m (720 ft)
Population  (31 January 2009[2])[3]
• Total	5,086
• Density	340/km2 (880/sq mi)
Demonym	Ispresi
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code	21027
Dialing code	0332
Patron saint	St. Martin of Tours
Saint day	11 November
Website	Official website

History

The research centre in Ispra originally belonged to the Comitato Nazionale per l'Energia Nucleare (CNEN) and was officially transferred to the European Community on 1 March 1961.^[4] Since 1973, non-nuclear research evolved rapidly, especially in topics related to safety and the environment. After 16 years of research, the nuclear reactor at JRC Ispra^[5] was shut down in 1983.^[6]

Toponymy

Attested by the name Ispira (712), Ispira (XIV). Appears as Ispratium in Aegidius Tschudi's Beschreibung Galliae Comatae.^[7] According to Gaudenzio Merula the origin of the name could lie onto the rocky nature of this landscape; Hisprum quasi asperum ob saxorum difficultates,^[8] that is to say equivalent to the Latin hispida (cf. hispid and ispido) and related to the Provençal ispre with the "d" shifting to an "r" due to rhotacism.^[9]

Joint Research Centre

Nuclear Research Center of Ispra - the building complex of the Ispra-1 reactor in 1959

Some of the main Institutes of the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission (EC) are located there, including the Institute for the Protection and the Security of the Citizen (IPSC), the Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES) and the Institute for Health and Consumer Protection (IHCP), as well as the Ispra site Directorate (IS).

Locally, the research establishment is referred to as the CCR (Centro Comune di Ricerca) or as EURATOM - based on its history in nuclear research. The site covers an area of 157 hectares (390 acres), where the original presence of pines, birches, oaks and chestnut trees has partially been preserved.

The site still contains a number of experimental nuclear reactors in the process of being decommissioned.^[10]

Gallery

• 
  JRC Ispra visitors centre
• 
  The JRC conference centre on via Francia
• 
  lithuanian square sculpture
• 
  The intersection of via Francia and via Germania
• 
  Via Enrico Fermi at JRC Ispra
• 
  The Vehicle Emissions Laboratory (VELA) centre at JRC Ispra

Famous descendants

The Italian-American ballerina Enrica Soma (the mother of actress Anjelica Huston) was born to parents who had immigrated to the U.S. from Ispra.