Izumo Province

Izumo Province (出雲国, Izumo no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [iꜜ.(d)zɯ.mo (no kɯ.ɲi)]^[1]) was an old province of Japan which today consists of the eastern part of Shimane Prefecture.^[2] It was sometimes called Unshū (雲州). The province is in the Chūgoku region.

Map of Japanese provinces (1868) with Izumo Province highlighted

History

During the early Kofun period (3rd century) this region was independent and constructed rectangular tumuli. But in the fourth century this region saw the construction of rectangular and key shaped tumuli.^[3]

During the 6th or 7th century it was absorbed due to the expansion of the state of Yamato,^[4] within which it assumed the role of a sacerdotal domain.^{[clarification needed]}

Today, the Izumo Shrine constitutes (as does the Grand Shrine of Ise) one of the most important sacred places of Shinto: it is dedicated to kami, especially to Ōkuninushi (Ō-kuni-nushi-no-mikoto), mythical progeny of Susanoo and all the clans of Izumo. The mythological mother of Japan, the goddess Izanami, is said to be buried on Mt. Hiba, at the border of the old provinces of Izumo and Hōki, near modern-day Yasugi of Shimane Prefecture.

By the Sengoku period, Izumo had lost much of its importance. It was dominated before the Battle of Sekigahara by the Mōri clan, and after Sekigahara, it was an independent fief with a castle town at modern Matsue.

In Japanese mythology, the entrance to Yomi (Hell, land of the dead) was located within the province, and was sealed by the god Izanagi by placing a large boulder over the entrance.

Historical districts

• Shimane Prefecture
  • Aika District (秋鹿郡) - merged with Ou and Shimane Districts to become Yatsuka District (八束郡) on April 1, 1896
  • Iishi District (飯石郡)
  • Izumo District (出雲郡) - merged with Kando and Tatenui Districts to become Hikawa District (簸川郡) on April 1, 1896
  • Kando District (神門郡) - merged with Izumo and Tatenui Districts to become Hikawa District on April 1, 1896
  • Nita District (仁多郡)
  • Nogi District (能義郡) - dissolved
  • Ohara District (大原郡) - dissolved
  • Ou District (意宇郡) - merged with Aika and Shimane Districts to become Yatsuka District on April 1, 1896
  • Shimane District (島根郡) - merged with Aika and Ou Districts to become Yatsuka Districton April 1, 1896
  • Tatenui District (楯縫郡) - merged with Izumo and Kando Districts to become Hikawa District on April 1, 1896

See also

• Hirose Domain
• Japanese Cruiser Izumo, an armored cruiser of the Imperial Japanese Navy commissioned in 1898 and named after the province. She served in multiple conflicts including the Russo-Japanese War, World War I, and the Second Sino-Japanese War until she was sunk in the attacks on Kure during the Second World War.
• JS Izumo, a helicopter carrier of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force currently in the process of being converted into a light aircraft carrier. Also named after the province.
• Matsue Domain
• Mori Domain (Izumo)