James Gimzewski

James Kazimierz Gimzewski is a Scottish physicist of Polish descent who pioneered research on electrical contacts with single atoms and molecules and light emission using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM).^[3]

Professor James Gimzewski FRS FREng FInstP
Gimzewski in 2013
Born	James Kazimierz Gimzewski[1][2] Glasgow, Scotland, UK[1][2]
Citizenship	British; permanent resident in Switzerland and U.S.[1][2]
Scientific career
Fields	Nanoscience

Education and early life

Gimzewski was born in Glasgow to Polish World War II war veteran Edmund Gimzewski. He earned his undergraduate degree in 1974 and PhD in 1977 from the University of Strathclyde in Glasgow. Until February 2001, he was a group leader at the IBM Zurich Research Laboratory, where he was involved in nanoscale science since 1983. Currently, he is a Professor in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at UCLA, where he conducts research and advises graduate students in his PicoLab. He is also the faculty director of the Nano & Pico Characterization Archived 6 July 2010 at the Wayback Machine core lab at the California NanoSystems Institute at UCLA.^[1][2]

Research

He pioneered research on electrical contact with single atoms and molecules, light emission and molecular imaging using STM. His accomplishments include the first STM-manipulation of molecules at room temperature, the realization of molecular abacus using buckyballs (C₆₀), the discovery of single molecule rotors and the development of nanomechanical sensors based on nanotechnology, which explore the ultimate limits of sensitivity and measurement.

Recently ^[when?], he discovered a new method to synthesize carbon nanotubes more regular in diameter and length. His current interests within CNSI are in the Nanoarchitectonics of molecular systems and molecular and biomolecular machines, in particular those with quantum mechanical possibilities for information processing.

Recently ^[when?], he has undertaken research in biophysics, which he calls sonocytology. With UCLA graduate student Andrew Pelling, Gimzewski published sonocytology's debut report in the August 2004 issue of Science magazine. In the sonocytology studies, a Bioscope AFM (atomic force microscope) was modified to be able to detect the vibrations of the cell wall of a living cell. These vibrations, once amplified using computer software, created audible sound, and it was discovered that cancerous cells emit a slightly different sound than healthy cells do. Gimzewski and Pelling hope that sonocytology may someday have applications in early cancer detection and diagnosis.

Selected publications

• Joachim, C.; Gimzewski, J. K.; Aviram, A. (2000). "Electronics using hybrid-molecular and mono-molecular devices" (PDF). Nature. 408 (6812): 541–8. Bibcode:2000Natur.408..541J. doi:10.1038/35046000. PMID 11117734. S2CID 4397939. 2,195 citations (Web of Science, October 2014)
• Fritz, J. (2000). "Translating Biomolecular Recognition into Nanomechanics". Science. 288 (5464): 316–318. Bibcode:2000Sci...288..316F. doi:10.1126/science.288.5464.316. PMID 10764640. 1,095 citations (Web of Science, October 2014

Selected publications

• C. Joachim, J. K. Gimzewski & A. Aviram. "Electronics using hybrid-molecular and mono-molecular devices." Nature **408** (6812), 541–548 (2000).
• S. E. Cross, Y. S. Jin, J. Rao & J. K. Gimzewski. "Nanomechanical analysis of cells from cancer patients." In: Nano-enabled Medical Applications, 547–566 (2020).
• J. Fritz, M. K. Baller, H. P. Lang, H. Rothuizen, P. Vettiger, E. Meyer, H. J. Güntherodt, C. Gerber & J. K. Gimzewski. "Translating biomolecular recognition into nanomechanics." Science **288** (5464), 316–318 (2000).
• T. Ohno, T. Hasegawa, T. Tsuruoka, K. Terabe, J. K. Gimzewski & M. Aono. "Short-term plasticity and long-term potentiation mimicked in single inorganic synapses." Nature Materials **10** (8), 591–595 (2011).
• J. K. Gimzewski & C. Joachim. "Nanoscale science of single molecules using local probes." Science **283** (5408), 1683–1688 (1999).
• R. Berger, E. Delamarche, H. P. Lang, C. Gerber, J. K. Gimzewski, E. Meyer & H. J. Güntherodt. "Surface stress in the self-assembly of alkanethiols on gold." Science **276** (5321), 2021–2024 (1997).
• C. Joachim, J. K. Gimzewski, R. R. Schlittler & C. Chavy. "Electronic transparence of a single molecule." Physical Review Letters **74** (11), 2102–2105 (1995).
• J. K. Gimzewski, C. Gerber, E. Meyer & R. R. Schlittler. "Observation of a chemical reaction using a micromechanical sensor." Chemical Physics Letters **217** (5–6), 589–594 (1994).
• J. K. Gimzewski & R. Möller. "Transition from the tunneling regime to point contact studied using scanning tunneling microscopy." Physical Review B **36** (2), 1284–1287 (1987).
• T. A. Jung, R. R. Schlittler, J. K. Gimzewski, H. Tang & C. Joachim. "Controlled room-temperature positioning of individual molecules: molecular flexure and motion." Science **271** (5246), 181–184 (1996).
• F. M. Battiston, J. P. Ramseyer, H. P. Lang, M. K. Baller, C. Gerber, J. K. Gimzewski, E. Meyer & H. J. Güntherodt. "A chemical sensor based on a microfabricated cantilever array with simultaneous resonance-frequency and bending readout." Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical **77** (1–2), 122–131 (2001).
• R. Berndt, J. K. Gimzewski & P. Johansson. "Inelastic tunneling excitation of tip-induced plasmon modes on noble-metal surfaces." Physical Review Letters **67** (27), 3796–3799 (1991).

Awards and honours

In 2001 Gimzewski became Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering,^[4] and in 2009 was elected Fellow of the Royal Society,^[5] the highest award in Britain for excellence in Science. He received the 1997 Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology,^[6] the 1997 The Discover Award for Emerging Fields, the 1998 “Wired 25” Award from Wired magazine and the Institute of Physics 2001 Duddell Medal and Prize for his work in nanoscale science. He holds two IBM “Outstanding Innovation Awards”, and is a Fellow of the Institute of Physics and a Chartered Physicist. Gimzewski was a member of scientific boards of Carbon Nanotechnologies, Inc. and Veeco Instruments.^[1][2].