Jemmape (department)

Jemmape (French pronunciation: [ʒɛmap]) was a department of the First French Republic and of the First French Empire in present-day Belgium. It was named after the Battle of Jemappes, fought between the French and the Austrians in 1792 near the village of Jemappes, near Mons. Jemappes was spelled Jemmape, Jemmapes or Jemmappes at the time. Its territory corresponded more or less with that of the Belgian province of Hainaut. It was firstly created on 2 March 1793, and then recreated on 1 October 1795, when the Austrian Netherlands and the Prince-Bishopric of Liège were officially annexed by the French Republic.^[2] Before annexation, its territory lay in the County of Hainaut, Tournai and the Tournaisis, the County of Namur (Charleroi) and the Bishopric of Liège (Thuin).

Jemappe within the northern French Empire (1811)

Department of Jemmape Département de Jemmape (French)
1795–1814
Location of Jemmape in France (1812)
Status	Department of the French First Republic and the French First Empire
Chef-lieu	Mons 50°27′N 3°53′E
Official languages	French
Common languages	Dutch
History
• Creation	1 October 1795
• Treaty of Paris, disestablished	30 May 1814
Area
1812[1]	3,766 km2 (1,454 sq mi)
Population
• 1812[1]	472,366
Preceded by Succeeded by County of Hainault Prince-Bishopric of Liège Province of Hainault
Today part of	Belgium

The Chef-lieu of the department was Mons. The department was subdivided into the following three arrondissements and cantons:

• Mons: Boussu, Chièvres, Dour, Enghien, Lens, Le Roeulx, Mons (2 cantons), Pâturages and Soignies.
• Charleroi: Beaumont, Binche, Charleroi (2 cantons), Chimay, Fontaine-l'Évêque, Gosselies, Merbes-le-Château, Seneffe and Thuin.
• Tournai: Antoing, Ath, Celles, Ellezelles, Frasnes, Lessines, Leuze, Péruwelz, Quevaucamps, Templeuve and Tournai (2 cantons).

After Napoleon was defeated in 1814, the department was dissolved and later it became part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands as the province of Hainaut.

Map of the former Jemmape department

Administration

Prefects

The Prefect was the highest state representative in the department.

Term start	Term end	Office holder
2 March 1800[3]	1 February 1805	Jean-Baptiste Étienne Garnier
1 February 1805[4]	7 August 1810	Patrice Charles Gislain De Coninck
7 August 1810[5]	8 February 1812	Jean-Baptiste Maximilien Villot de Fréville
8 February 1812[6]	9 March 1812	Benoît Joseph Holvoet
9 March 1812[7]	30 May 1814	Pierre-Clément de Laussat

Secretaries-General

The Secretary-General was the deputy to the Prefect.

Term start	Term end	Office holder
2 March 1800	30 May 1814	Robert La Vallée

Subprefects of Charleroi

Term start	Term end	Office holder
26 April 1800[8]	30 May 1814	Stanislas Joseph Troye

Subprefects of Mons

The office of Subprefect of Mons was held by the Prefect until 1811.

Term start	Term end	Office holder
14 January 1811[8]	11 April 1811	Philibert François Jean Baptiste Joseph Vander Haegen de Mussain
11 April 1811[8]	30 May 1814	Defraye de Schiplaecken

Subprefects of Tournai

Term start	Term end	Office holder
25 April 1800[8]	3 February 1804	François Magloire Joseph Goblet
3 February 1804[8]	30 May 1814	Nicolas Lahure