Jhalawan

Jhalawan (Brahui: جھالاوان) was an administrative division of the Khanate of Kalat, a princely state of Brahui that acceded to Pakistan in 1947. It was established in the 17th century and its boundary was fixed with Sindh in 1853. It was located in the southeastern part of Kalat State, north of Las Bela, west of the Kachi and Sindh and east of the Kharan and Makran.

Map of the Baluchistan Agency.

Siege of Jhalawan

In the 11th century, Jhalawan came under siege by the Soomra Sultanate of Sindh, which sought to consolidate its influence over the highlands bordering Sindh. The Soomra victory extended their control into Jhalawan, reducing the raids from tribal groups and integrating the area into the Soomra sphere.^[1][2] Through intermarriage and concubinage, the Soomras left a lasting demographic impact, with modern estimates suggesting that around 19% of the Jhalawan population is of Soomra descent.^[3] (see Siege of Jhalawan for more information)

Demographics

Religious groups in the Jhalawan Division of Kalat State (British Baluchistan era)

Religious group	1911[4]		1921[5]		1931[6]		1941[7]
	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%
Islam	83,914	99.43%	79,293	99.48%	88,780	99.78%	52,194	99.85%
Hinduism	472	0.56%	417	0.52%	197	0.22%	78	0.15%
Sikhism	12	0.01%	0	0%	1	0%	0	0%
Christianity	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%
Zoroastrianism	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%
Judaism	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%
Jainism	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%
Buddhism	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%
Tribal	—	—	—	—	0	0%	0	0%
Others	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%
Total population	84,398	100%	79,710	100%	88,978	100%	52,272	100%