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Jupiter Booster
Supercomputer in Jülich, Germany From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Jupiter is an exascale supercomputer hosted at Forschungszentrum Jülich in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Developed by the Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC) and owned by the European High-Performance Computing Joint Undertaking (EuroHPC JU), Jupiter became operational in June 2025. It is based on a modular architecture featuring NVIDIA GH200 Grace Hopper Superchips and is recognized as Europe's fastest supercomputer, ranking 4th on the June 2025 TOP500 list of the world’s fastest supercomputers. Jupiter is also the most energy-efficient system among the top five.[1][2]
 | This article may incorporate text from a large language model. (September 2025) |
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Design
Jupiter uses a modular architecture with around 24,000 NVIDIA GH200 Grace Hopper Superchips, optimized for highly parallel applications such as training AI models or numerically demanding simulations. This enables the training of the largest AI models, known as large language models (LLMs). At full capacity, Jupiter can complete such tasks in less than one week.[3]
The supercomputer is designed with advanced cooling techniques, including warm water cooling, to manage heat dissipation and improve energy efficiency. The waste heat generated is used to heat buildings and is integrated into the Jülich campus heating network.[4]
Jupiter's storage system includes high-capacity, high-speed solutions to handle vast amounts of data, providing rapid data access and retrieval to support intensive computational tasks. The network infrastructure employs high-bandwidth, low-latency interconnects to ensure high-speed data transfer and communication between nodes.[5]
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History
Jupiter was developed as part of a broader initiative to enhance Europe's computational infrastructure, crucial for maintaining competitiveness in scientific research, technological innovation, and industrial applications. The project involves collaboration among several European countries, research institutions, and technology companies.[6]
In the future, the Booster partition of Jupiter will be supported by a Cluster partition, supplied by ParTec, featuring conventional central processing units (CPUs) with high memory bandwidth. The Cluster is specially designed for data-intensive tasks.[7]
Jupiter was presented at the International Supercomputing Conference (ISC) in Hamburg in June 2025, where it was recognized as the most energy-efficient system among the top five supercomputers globally.[8]
In September 2025, German Chancellor Friedrich Merz, his Minister of Research, Technology and Space Dorothee Bär and European Commissioner for Startups, Research and Innovation Ekaterina Zaharieva inaugurated Jupiter during a visit to Forschungszentrum Jülich.[9]
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Funding
Jupiter is funded by the European High-Performance Computing Joint Undertaking (EuroHPC JU), the Federal Ministry of Research, Technology and Space (BMFTR), and the Ministry of Culture and Science of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia (MKW NRW) via the Gauss Centre for Supercomputing (GCS). The total budget for the acquisition, delivery, installation, and maintenance of Jupiter is €500 million, with €273 million allocated for hardware, software, and services, and the remaining €227 million for power, cooling, and operations.[10]
Early access and research
Jupiter and its storage systems have been fully installed, with scientific users gaining access in the coming weeks.[when?] Over 100 national and international applications have been selected via the Jupiter Research and Early Access Program (JUREAP), the GCS Exascale Pioneer Call, and the Gauss AI Compute Competition for AI projects.[11]
Applications
Jupiter supports a variety of applications, including but not limited to:
- Climate modeling and weather forecasting: Enhancing climate and weather simulations to significantly improve predictions of local extreme weather events, such as heavy rain and severe thunderstorms.
- Molecular dynamics and materials science
- Astrophysics and cosmology
- Industrial simulations and engineering
- Training of large language models (LLMs) and other AI models[12]
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Collaborations and partnerships
The project involves collaboration among several European countries, research institutions, and technology companies. Key partners include:
- Forschungszentrum Jülich
- European High-Performance Computing Joint Undertaking (EuroHPC JU)
- Various academic and industrial research organizations[13]
Impact
Jupiter is anticipated to have a profound impact on scientific research and industrial innovation in Europe. By providing unprecedented computational power, it will[timeframe?] enable researchers to tackle complex problems that were previously infeasible to solve. The supercomputer is a key pillar[peacock prose] of Europe’s digital sovereignty and technological advancement.[14]
Recognition and achievements
Jupiter was presented at the International Supercomputing Conference (ISC) in Hamburg in June 2025, where it was recognized as the most energy-efficient system among the top five supercomputers globally.[15]
Statements
- Anders Jensen, EuroHPC JU Executive Director: "Jupiter represents a historic milestone, already propelling Europe’s computing power to an unprecedented level, even before its final acceptance. With its exascale capabilities, Jupiter will drive breakthroughs in science, industry, and society, reinforcing Europe’s technological sovereignty and global competitiveness."[16]
- Ina Brandes, Minister of Culture and Science of North Rhine-Westphalia: "Artificial intelligence is the raw material of the digital age. The Jupiter supercomputer is the turbine that enables us to make meaningful use of this new raw material. We are proud that one of the world's fastest computers was conceived by the Jülich Supercomputing Centre in the Rhenish region."[16]
- Astrid Lambrecht, Chair of the Board of Directors at Forschungszentrum Jülich: "Jupiter is a key pillar of Europe’s digital sovereignty. Even today, it is setting new standards that demonstrate its potential for science, industry, and society in the field of artificial intelligence."[16]
- Thomas Lippert, Director of the Jülich Supercomputing Centre: "Jupiter is the culmination of more than ten years of development work by the JSC in collaboration with European and international partners. Jupiter will be the world’s most advanced and versatile exascale system for high-precision simulations and the training of the largest AI models."[16]
References
External links
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