Karate in Japan

Karate began in the 14th century on the island of Okinawa.^[1] Karate as a word first emerged due to Gichin Funakoshi.^[2] Karate was introduced to mainland Japan in the 1920s.^[3][4][5]

Karate in Japan
Country	Japan
Governing body	Japan Karate Federation
National team(s)	Japan Olympics team
International competitions
Asian Karate Championships Karate World Championships Summer Olympics

Traditional Dojo - Karate Kaikan in Tomigusuku near Naha, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan

History

Karate (lit. "empty-hand") has its roots in ancient martial practice in India and China. There is a popular tale of an Indian monk by the name of Bodhidharma, who brought a system of exercise and fighting techniques to the Shaolin Monastery in China around 525 A.D. It is said that this was the beginning of a systematized martial practice that eventually spread to other Asian countries via traveling monks and traders.^[6]

Karate itself was born in Okinawa (actually a string of islands off the coast of Japan known as the Ryukyu Islands).^[7] It is said that in ancient times a style known simply as "te" (literally "hand") emerged from the influence of the aforementioned Shaolin Kung Fu.

In the 1920s a public school teacher named Gichin Funakoshi introduced what was, by then, called kara-te into mainland Japan. He developed the nomenclature of this art at the research club in Keio University, changing the meaning of its name from "Chinese hand" to "empty hand" and adding the suffix do to conform budō arts. In 1933, the art was officially recognized by the Dai Nippon Butoku Kai.^[8]

There were already family styles of karate in Okinawa and soon several styles were also formed in Japan.^[9] There are several differences between the two traditional approaches but that can be researched elsewhere.^[10]

Establishing organizations

Organizations like Japan Karate Association and the Japan Karate Federation emerged in the 1950s to standardize karate as a sport.^{[11][12][13][14]}

National board

Japan Karate Federation is the largest Karate Association in Japan. It is a member of the Japan Olympic Association.

The Japan Karate Federation is a member of the Asian umbrella organization Asian Karatedo Federation (AKF) as well as the World Association for World Karate Federation (WKF).

On the part of the Japan Olympic Committee, the JOC is the only Karate Association authorized to send athletes to the Olympic Games.

International competition

Japan a traditional world power in Sport Karate and its record in Karate World Championships is an impressive one.

Karate World Championships

Year	Host city	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1970	Tokyo	2	1	1	4
1972	Paris	0	0	0	0
1975	California	1	2	0	3
1977	Tokyo	0	0	0	0
1980	Madrid	4	4	2	10
1982	Taipei	6	2	3	11
1984	Maastricht	3	2	2	7
1986	Sydney	0	0	1	1
1988	Cairo	5	7	2	14
1990	Mexico City	6	3	3	12
1992	Granada	4	2	3	9
1994	Kota Kinabalu	7	2	2	11
1996	Sun City	4	4	3	11
1998	Rio de Janeiro	5	1	2	8
Total		73	43	42	158

Spreading the martial art

As Karate grained prominence in Japan many karate masters exported the martial art to the United States and many other parts of the world.^[15][16]

Present

The sport has declined in popularity and is more popular abroad.^[17] Karate at the 2020 Summer Olympics was a debut event at the Summer Olympics.^[18]

See also

• Martial arts portal