Karnal district

Karnal district is one of the 22 districts of Haryana, a state in North India which constitutes the National Capital Region (NCR) of the country. The city of Karnal is a part of the National Capital Region (NCR) and is the administrative headquarters of the district.

This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Karnal.

Karnal district
District of Haryana
Fort of Prithviraj Chauhan in Taraori
Location in Haryana
Country	India
State	Haryana
Division	Karnal
Headquarters	Karnal
Tehsils	1. Gharaunda, 2. Nilokheri, 3. Indri, 4. Karnal, 5. Assandh
Area
• Total	2,520 km2 (970 sq mi)
Population  (2011)
• Total	1,505,324
• Density	600/km2 (1,500/sq mi)
• Urban	26.51%
Demographics
• Literacy	74.73%
• Sex ratio	887
Time zone	UTC+05:30 (IST)
Lok Sabha constituencies	Karnal (shared with Panipat district)
Vidhan Sabha constituencies	5
Website	http://www.karnal.gov.in/

As it lies on National highway 44 (old NH-1), it has a well connected transport system to the nearby major cities like Delhi and Chandigarh. Karnal District is also well connected via railways. Karnal Junction lies on Delhi-Kalka line and major trains stops at this station. The district headquarter also has a small aerodrome known as karnal airport.

History

Karnal district was conquered by the British in 1803.^[1] On 30 December 1803, the Daulat Scindia signed the Treaty of Surji-Anjangaon with the British after the Battle of Assaye and Battle of Laswari and ceded to the British, Hisar, Panipat, Rohtak, Rewari, Gurgaon, Ganges-Jumna Doab, the Delhi-Agra region, parts of Bundelkhand, Broach, some districts of Gujarat and the fort of Ahmmadnagar.^[2]: 73

Sub-Divisions

The Karnal district is headed by an IAS officer of the rank of Deputy Commissioner (DC) who is the chief executive officer of the district. The district is divided into 4 sub-divisions, each headed by a Sub-Divisional Magistrate (SDM): Karnal, Indri, Assandh and Gharaunda.

Revenue tehsils

The four sub-divisions are divided into five revenue tehsils, namely Karnal, Indri, Nilokheri, Gharaunda and Assandh, and three sub-tehsils, namely Nigdhu, Nissing and Kaimla. Kaimla is the largest village in Karnal district.^{[citation needed]}

Assembly constituencies

The Karnal district is divided into 5 Vidhan Sabha constituencies:

• Gharaunda
• Indri
• Karnal
• Nilokheri
• Assandh
• Kaimla

Karnal district is a part of Karnal (Lok Sabha constituency).

Demographics

Historical population

Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
1901	230,386	—
1911	208,536	−0.99%
1921	215,872	+0.35%
1931	221,887	+0.28%
1941	258,969	+1.56%
1951	353,764	+3.17%
1961	474,722	+2.98%
1971	619,533	+2.70%
1981	829,927	+2.97%
1991	1,035,390	+2.24%
2001	1,274,183	+2.10%
2011	1,505,324	+1.68%
source:[3]

According to the 2011 census Karnal district has a population of 1,505,324,^[4] roughly equal to the nation of Gabon^[5] or the US state of Hawaii.^[6] This gives it a ranking of 333rd in India (out of a total of 640).^[4] The district has a population density of 598 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,550/sq mi) .^[4] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 18.22%.^[4] Karnal has a sex ratio of 996 females for every 1,000 males,^[4] and a literacy rate of 74.73%. Scheduled Castes made up 22.56% of the population.^[4]

Religion

Religion in Karnal district (2011)[7] Religion Percent Hinduism   89.08% Sikhism   8.38% Islam   2.10% Other or not stated   0.44%

Religion in Karnal District

Religious group	2011[7]
	Pop.	%
Hinduism	1,341,002	89.08%
Sikhism	126,207	8.38%
Islam	31,650	2.1%
Christianity	2,049	0.14%
Others	4,416	0.29%
Total Population	1,505,324	100%

Religious groups in Karnal District (British Punjab province era)

Religious group	1881[8][9][10]		1891[11]		1901[12]		1911[13][14]		1921[15]		1931[16]		1941[17]
	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%
Hinduism [a]	453,662	72.86%	499,784	73.1%	623,597	70.6%	556,203	69.54%	573,224	69.17%	570,297	66.89%	666,301	66.99%
Islam	156,183	25.08%	171,712	25.11%	241,412	27.33%	224,920	28.12%	235,618	28.43%	259,730	30.46%	304,346	30.6%
Sikhism	8,036	1.29%	8,037	1.18%	12,294	1.39%	13,531	1.69%	12,280	1.48%	16,928	1.99%	19,887	2%
Jainism	4,655	0.75%	4,065	0.59%	4,739	0.54%	4,213	0.53%	4,222	0.51%	4,190	0.49%	2,789	0.28%
Christianity	85	0.01%	120	0.02%	1,179	0.13%	920	0.12%	3,382	0.41%	1,469	0.17%	1,249	0.13%
Zoroastrianism	0	0%	0	0%	1	0%	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%	3	0%
Buddhism	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%
Judaism	—	—	0	0%	3	0%	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%
Others	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%
Total population	622,621	100%	683,718	100%	883,225	100%	799,787	100%	828,726	100%	852,614	100%	994,575	100%
Note: British Punjab province era district borders are not an exact match in the present-day due to various bifurcations to district borders — which since created new districts — throughout the historic Punjab Province region during the post-independence era that have taken into account population increases.

Religion in the Tehsils of Karnal District (1921)^[15]

Tehsil	Hinduism		Islam		Sikhism		Christianity		Jainism		Others[b]		Total
	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%
Karnal Tehsil	154,965	66.62%	73,199	31.47%	2,780	1.2%	723	0.31%	940	0.4%	0	0%	232,607	100%
Panipat Tehsil	119,229	68.6%	50,664	29.15%	133	0.08%	1,298	0.75%	2,472	1.42%	0	0%	173,796	100%
Kaithal Tehsil	207,844	75.38%	61,478	22.3%	4,606	1.67%	1,010	0.37%	784	0.28%	0	0%	275,722	100%
Thanesar Tehsil	91,186	62.2%	50,277	34.3%	4,761	3.25%	351	0.24%	26	0.02%	0	0%	146,601	100%
Note: British Punjab province era tehsil borders are not an exact match in the present-day due to various bifurcations to tehsil borders — which since created new tehsils — throughout the historic Punjab Province region during the post-independence era that have taken into account population increases.

Religion in the Tehsils of Karnal District (1941)^[17]

Tehsil	Hinduism [a]		Islam		Sikhism		Christianity		Jainism		Others[c]		Total
	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%
Karnal Tehsil	188,179	64.09%	100,919	34.37%	3,291	1.12%	173	0.06%	1,021	0.35%	14	0%	293,597	100%
Panipat Tehsil	135,557	67.62%	63,254	31.55%	442	0.22%	156	0.08%	1,038	0.52%	14	0.01%	200,461	100%
Kaithal Tehsil	241,650	72.72%	81,039	24.39%	8,496	2.56%	423	0.13%	694	0.21%	1	0%	332,303	100%
Thanesar Tehsil	100,915	59.99%	59,134	35.15%	7,658	4.55%	471	0.28%	36	0.02%	0	0%	168,214	100%
Note1: British Punjab province era tehsil borders are not an exact match in the present-day due to various bifurcations to tehsil borders — which since created new tehsils — throughout the historic Punjab Province region during the post-independence era that have taken into account population increases. Note2: Tehsil religious breakdown figures for Christianity only includes local Christians, labelled as "Indian Christians" on census. Does not include Anglo-Indian Christians or British Christians, who were classified under "Other" category.

Languages

Languages of Karnal district (2011)^[18]

1. Hindi (54.3%)
2. Haryanvi (32.0%)
3. Punjabi (10.9%)
4. Western Punjabi (1.06%)
5. Others (1.76%)

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 54.28% of the population in the district spoke Hindi, 32.04 Haryanvi, 10.86% Punjabi and 1.06% Western Punjabi as their first language.^[18]

People from Karnal District

• Kalpana Chawla, first Indo-American woman astronaut. In 2003, Chawla was one of the seven crew members that died in the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster.^[19]
• Nawabzada Liaquat Ali Khan, First Prime Minister of Pakistan
• Vikramjeet Virk, Indian actor
• Navdeep Saini, Indian cricketer
• Manohar Lal Khattar, former Chief Minister of Haryana
• Kuldeep Sharma, Indian politician
• Harwinder Kalyan, Indian politician
• Karan Dev Kamboj, Indian politician

See also

• Kaimla
• Gagsina

Notes

1. 1931-1941: Including Ad-Dharmis
2. Including Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Tribals, others, or not stated
3. Including Anglo-Indian Christians, British Christians, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Tribals, others, or not stated